Meiosis

Question 1

body cells are also known as _____

Answer 1

somatic cells

Question 2

males have what two chromosomes?

Answer 2

an x and y

Question 3

females have what two chromosomes?

Answer 3

an x and x

Question 4

a cell with two of each kind of chromosome

Answer 4

diploid

Question 5

the name of the cell created when a sperm fuses with an egg

Answer 5

zygote

Question 6

separates homologous pairs of chromosomes

Answer 6

meiosis I

Question 7

separates sister chromatids resulting in half the number of chromosomes per cell

Answer 7

meiosis II

Question 8

another name for sex cells

Answer 8

gametes

Question 9

egg and sperm are known as ____ cells

Answer 9

gamete

Question 10

_______ cells are formed throughout an organism’s life

Answer 10

somatic cells

Question 11

_______ Form in body cells

Answer 11

somatic cells

Question 12

_______ are Identical to all of the other cells of similar function

Answer 12

somatic cells

Question 13

cells are haploid _______

Answer 13

gametes

Question 14

in _______, the cell grows and the DNA replicates

Answer 14

interphase

Question 15

in _______ the chromosomes match up with their homologous pairs, form tetrads, and “crossing over” occurs

Answer 15

prophase 1

Question 16

in ________ chromosomes are in pairs in the middle of the cell, there is independent assortment

Answer 16

metaphase 1

Question 17

in _________ the chromosomes are pulled away by the spindle fibers

Answer 17

anaphase 1

Question 18

in _________ the cell splits into two and creates a nucleus around the chromosomes, the end result is two new haploid cells with duplicated chromosomes

Answer 18

telophase 1

Question 19

in _______ the nucleus dissolves and the spindle apparatus forms

Answer 19

prohpase II

Question 20

in ___________ chromosomes line up in a single file line (not in pairs)

Answer 20

metaphase II

Question 21

in _________- chromatids are pulled away by the spindle fibers

Answer 21

anaphase II

Question 22

in ___________ the two cells split and creates a new nucleus, the end result is four haploid cells with un-duplicated chromosomes

Answer 22

telophase II

Question 23

What is the purpose of meiosis

Answer 23

To create haploid gametes that are genetically different

Question 24

What is the difference between an autosome and a sex chromosome?

Answer 24

Autosomes affect only body traits, whereas sex chromosomes affect the sexual characteristics of an organism.

Question 25

Is the cell that results from fertilization diploid or haploid?

Answer 25

Diploid because it is the union of two haploid cells (n + n = 2n)

Question 26

Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body?

Answer 26

Mitosis occurs throughout an organism’s lifetime and throughout many cells of the entire body. Meiosis only occurs at certain times and only in the reproductive organs.

Question 27

Do you think the Y chromosome contains genes that are critical for an organism’s survival?

Answer 27

No. Females do not contain the Y chromosome and they are able to survive.

Question 28

How do homologous chromosomes differ from sister chromatids?

Answer 28

Homologous chromosomes have the same genes but have different versions of them; sister chromatids are copies of each other, produced by DNA replication

Question 29

if there are two of every chromosome, the karyotype is _______ cell

Answer 29

diploid