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Biology > Meiosis > Flashcards

Meiosis Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many daughter cells does meiosis create?

A

4

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2
Q

what type of cell division is meiosis?

A

sexual

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3
Q

what does meiosis produce?

A

four haploid gametes that are all genetically different

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4
Q

What are gametes?

A

Sex cells (sperm and egg)

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5
Q

What is a diploid cell?

A

A cell with a full set of chromosomes

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6
Q

What is a haploid?

A

A cell with a half set of chromosomes.

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7
Q

What symbol can represent diploid cells?

A

2N

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8
Q

What symbol can represent haploid cells?

A

N

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9
Q

What are homologous pairs?

A

Chromosomes that are the same size

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10
Q

What is crossing over?

A

the process of sections of non-sister chromatids exchanging

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11
Q

When does crossing over occur?

A

Prophase 1

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12
Q

What do homologous chromosomes create when they pair up?

A

tetrad

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13
Q

how many phases of PMAT does meiosis go through?

A

2

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14
Q

what is the order of meiosis?

A

P1,M1,A1,T1, cytokenisis, P2,M2,A2,T2

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15
Q

do chromosomes cross over in prophase 2?

A

no

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16
Q

what happens during prophase 1?

A

chromosomes double and thicken. the nuclear membrane disappears, crossing over occurs

17
Q

what happens during metaphase 1?

A

homologous pairs of chromosomes line up at the center of the cell. spindle fibers attach

18
Q

what happens during anaphase 1?

A

chromosomes pairs separate and move to opposite sides of the cell.

19
Q

what happens during telephase 1?

A

two new cells are formed with the same number of chromosomes

20
Q

what happens during prophase 2?

A

the nuclear membrane disappears. chromosomes do not double

21
Q

what happens during metapahse 2?

A

duplicated chromosomes line up along the center of the cell

22
Q

what happens during anaphase 2?

A

chromosomes split at the middle and chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell

23
Q

what happens during telephase 2?

A

Four new cells are formed. each daughter cell has half of the number of chromosomes as the original

24
Q

what does crossing over help create?

A

genetic variation

25
Q

what is the difference from prophase 1 from prophase 2?

A

In prophase 2, there are no homologous pairs and no crossing over

26
Q

what is the difference from metephase 1 from metaphase 2?

A

In metaphase 2, duplicated chromosomes line up, NOT homologous chromosomes.

27
Q

when a sperm fertilizes an egg, when does it create?

A

a zygote

28
Q

Does meiosis create haploid or diploid cells?

A

Haploid

Biology (13 decks)

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