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N160 exam 3 > Meds List > Flashcards

Meds List Flashcards

1
Q

Action:
Blocks angiotensin-converting enzyme
◦ Stops conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
◦ Angiotensin 2 is a strong vasoconstrictor
◦ Results in vessel relaxation

A 
ACE Inhibitors ( Anti HTN)
Ends in -PRIL
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2
Q

Side Effects:
◦ Cough, hypotension, angioedema, lower BP in
elderly.
don’t give with asthma and COPD

A 
ACE Inhibitors ( Anti HTN)
Ends in -PRIL
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3
Q

Medications:
◦ enalapril(Vasotec), captopril (Capoten), lisinopril
(Zestril), ramipril (Altace)

A 
ACE Inhibitors ( Anti HTN)
Ends in -PRIL
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4
Q 
Actions:
◦ Interfers with membrane calcium ion influx in
heart
◦ Results in less vasoconstriction & vessel
relaxation
 Decrease vasoconstriction
.Increase vasodilation / Relaxation
.Decrease BP
A

Calcium Channel Blockers ( Anti HTN / Anti anginal)
Ends in - INE

.

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5
Q

Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, bradycardia,

AV block, edema, rash

A

Calcium Channel Blockers ( Anti HTN / Anti anginal)Ends in - INE

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6
Q

Medications:
◦ verapamil (Calan), diltiazem (Cardizem),
nifedipine (Procardia), amlodipine (Norvasc)

A

Calcium Channel Blockers ( Anti HTN / Anti anginal)Ends in - INE

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7
Q

Lowers BP by blocking beta receptors in heart &
blood vessels
◦ Reduces HR rate & cardiac output
Ends in -LOL
Lowers BP by blocking Beta receptors in the heart & blood vessels
DON’T GIVE W/ COPD / ASTHMA

A 
Beta Blockers ( Anti HTN , Antianginal)
Ends in -LOL
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8
Q

Side Effects:

Fatigue, Bronchospasm, Insomnia, Hypogycemia

A

Beta Blockers ( Anti HTN , Antianginal)
Ends in -LOL
Lowers BP by blocking Beta receptors in the heart & blood vessels
DON’T GIVE W/ COPD / ASTHMA

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9
Q

Medications:
◦ enalapril(Vasotec), captopril (Capoten), lisinopril
(Zestril), ramipril (Altace)

A 
Beta Blockers ( Anti HTN , Antianginal)
Ends in -LOL
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10
Q

Actions:
◦ Relax vascular smooth muscle tone
◦ Reduces peripheral resistance
◦ Results in vessel relaxation

A

Vasodialators ( Anti HTN)

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11
Q

Side Effects:
◦ Hypotension, tachycardia, headache, edema,
dizziness, nausea.

A

Vasodialators ( Anti HTN)

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12
Q

Medications:
◦ sodium nitroprusside (Nipride), hydralazine
(Apresoline

A

Vasodialators ( Anti HTN)

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13
Q

Prevent Peripheral vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone & block the binding of A II to type I A II receptors
Used in place of Ace Inhibitors

A

Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers / ARBs ( Anti HTN)

Ends in -sarten

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14
Q

losarten (Cozaar)

valsarten ( Diovan)

A

Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers / ARBs ( Anti HTN)

Ends in -sarten

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15
Q

Avoid use with K+ supplements and K+ retaining diuretics

A

Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers / ARBs ( Anti HTN)

Ends in -sarten

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16
Q

DASH Diet

A

Dietary Approaches to Stop

Hypertension

17
Q

Heparin
Warfarin ( Coumadin)
Lovenox (Enoxaparin)

A

Anticoagulants - DVT & PE prevention

18
Q

Prevent conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

A

Anticoagulants - DVT & PE prevention

HEPARIN

19
Q 
 Derivatives of standard heparin
 Used to prevent venous thromboembolism
 Products decrease < risk for bleeding
more than heparin
 LMWH inhibit synthesis of factor Xa
 Inhibits formation of thrombin
 Half life - 2-4 X longer than heparin
 LMWH is given SQ (only)
 Given in the abdomen
A

Anticoagulants - DVT & PE prevention

LOVENOX (Enexaparin)

20
Q

Actions:
 Interfers with liver synthesis of the vitamin K
dependent clotting factors
 Depress synthesis of factor X, IX, VII, & II
prothrombin
 Agent does not affect established clots
 Prevents further extension of formed clots
 Taken 1X a day, after maintenance dose
established
 Coumadin cannot be given to pregnant patients

A

Anticoagulants - DVT & PE prevention
WARFARIN ( Coumadin)
Inhibit Vit. K needed for clotting

21
Q

Side effects:
 Hemorrhage – bleeding precautions
 Antidote = Vitamin K
 Coagulations Studies: must be routinely monitored
to avoid excessive anti coagulation
 PT / INR – must be in therapeutic range, monitored
in “Coumadin Clinic”

A

Anticoagulants - DVT & PE prevention
WARFARIN ( Coumadin)
Inhibit Vit. K needed for clotting

22
Q

Patient Teaching:
 Bleeding precautions
 Recommend pt limit-avoid green/leafy veggies &
any food high in vitamin K – decreases effectiveness

A

Anticoagulants - DVT & PE prevention
WARFARIN ( Coumadin)
Inhibit Vit. K needed for clotting

23
Q

Actions:
 Inhibits thrombin, blocks last step in clot
formation
 Approved prevent clots in Afib - drug of choice

A

Alternative Oral Anti Coagulant Medications:

Medication: dabigatran (Pradaxa)

24
Q

Side Effects:
 Hemorrhage – bleeding precautions
 Used with caution due to lack of antidote
 No dietary restrictions

A

Alternative Oral Anti Coagulant Medications:

Medication: dabigatran (Pradaxa)

25
Q

Actions:
 Blocks an earlier step in clot formation
 Approved to prevent DVT that might lead to
PE in pts with knee or hip replacement

A

Alternative Oral Anti Coagulant Medications:

Medication: rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

26
Q

Side Effects:
 Hemorrhage – bleeding precautions
 Used with caution due to lack of antidote
 No dietary restrictions

A

Alternative Oral Anti Coagulant Medications:

Medication: rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

27
Q

 Actions:
◦ Used for severely compromised pts
◦ Helps restore hemodynamic stability

A

Thrombolytic Therapy:
 Medications:
◦ Urokinase, Streptkinase, Reteplase

28
Q

Side effects: Severe bleeding

A

Thrombolytic Therapy:
 Medications:
◦ Urokinase, Streptkinase, Reteplase

29
Q

Contraindications:
◦ Less than 2 months since CVA
◦ Less than 10 days post op
◦ Recent child birth, trauma, or severe HTN

A

Thrombolytic Therapy:
 Medications:
◦ Urokinase, Streptkinase, Reteplase

30
Q

Special Interventions:
 Prior to initiation of therapy labs
◦ APTT, PTT, PT, INR, HCT, platelets
 Heparin is discontinued
 Bleeding Precautions
◦ All invasive procedures are avoided unless
essential due to risk of bleeding
 After thrombolytic medication therapy is
complete pt is put on anticoagulation therapy
(heparin / warfarin or alternatives

A

Thrombolytic Therapy

31
Q

Side Effects:

Black tarry stool, false positive blood in stool

A

Iron Meds
Treat Iron Deficiency anemia
Provide iron to produce RBCs

32
Q 
Drugs: 
ferrous sulfate (Feosol) PO
ferrous fumarate ( Feostat) PO
iron dextran - parenteral
iron sucrose - parenteral
A

Iron Meds
Treat Iron Deficiency anemia
Provide iron to produce RBCs

33
Q

Erythropoietin
◦ Medications: epoetin alpha, Epogen, Procrit
◦ Stimulate production of erythropoietin
◦ Dose & frequency titrated to Hgb level

A

Pharmacologic Alternatives to Blood Transfusion

34
Q

 Thrombopoietin
◦ Medications: romiplostim (Nplate), eltrombopag
(Promactal)
◦ Recently approved for use in thrompocytopenia

A

Pharmacologic Alternatives to Blood Transfusion

35
Q

 Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF)
◦ Administered SQ – daily
◦ Increase hematopoiesis in bone marrow
◦ Monitor CBC
◦ Side effects – bone pain, increased WBCs

A

Pharmacologic Alternatives to Blood Transfusion

36
Q

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating
Factor (GM-CSF)
◦ Similar to G-CSF, Also SQ
◦ Stimulates more RBS & platelet production
◦ Side effects – bone pain, fever, muscle pain

A

Pharmacologic Alternatives to Blood Transfusion

N160 exam 3 (7 decks)

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