Medieval Flashcards
313 AD
Edict of Milan legalizes Christianity
600 AD
Pope Gregory collects chant
800 AD
Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor
1000 AD
Guido of Arezzo begins basics of notation
The 1050s to 1060s AD
Romanesque-style churches – characterized by semi-circular arches
1066 AD
William the Conquer conquers England
Hildegarde Von Bingen
- 1098-1179
- Medieval, German Benedictine Abbess
- Troubadour – composed music for the traveling minstrels
- 27 monophonic chants in 3 volumes of Symphonia armonie
- Representative – O viridissima virga (“in praise of Mary”)
1100 AD
Crusades begin and Troubadours – Aristocratic composers
13th to 14th century AD
Notre Dame Cathedral (Paris), Chartres Cathedral, Salisbury Cathedral
1215 AD
Magna Carta begins to limit right of kings
Adam De La Halle
- 1245-1285
- French
- 60 monophonic songs
- 5 motets
- 6 polyphonic Rondeaux
1266 to 1337 AD
Giotto di Bondone, Italian painter, and architect (considered the first great Renaissance artist), Serovegn Cathedral (designed by Giotto, with frescos by Giotto), Archetype designs
Philippe De Vitry
- (1291-1361)
- Important French composer
- Theorist
- Poet
- Possible author of important Ars Nova Treatise
- 12 motets
1300
Black Death and Ars Nova
Literature 1300s
Beowulf
Arthurian Legend
Geoffrey Chaucer
Guillaume de Machaut
- (1300-1377)
- French Medieval composer
- Ars Nova style as described by De Vitry
- Messe de Notre Dame – first complete Mass cycle by a single composer
- 23 motets, one hocket, 42 ballads, 22 Rondeaux
- 33 Verelais, 19 Lais
Jacopo Da Bologna
- 1340-1386
- One motet, one Lauda
- 2 madrigals
- Important treatise L’arte del biscanto misurato
- (“the art of measured polyphony”)
Johannes Ciconia
- 1370 – 1412
- Italian poet and composer
- Main characteristic – hocket
- 11 mass movements, 10 motets, 15 ballatas, 4 madrigals, 3 verelais, and 2 canons
- Representative – Gloria and Credo
Lionel Power
- C.A. 1370s – 1445
- English
- 7 complete or partial mass cycles
- 19 mass movements
- 18 motets
- Representative – Anima mea
John Dunstable
- 1390-1453
- Early English Renaissance (transitional)
- Motets – 17 Isorhythmic
- 5 Mass cycles
- Representative – Gloria and Credo
Guillaume DuFay (Du Fay)
- 1397 – 1474
- Franco-Flemish, early Renaissance
- Isorhythmic Motets
- Chanson reflects changing style – some 3 voice, some 4 voice
- One of the earliest masters of counterpoint, especially 4-parts
- Six complete mass cycles (7th Missa Caput is by another, unknown composer)
- 7 partial mass cycles, 19 mass movements
- Approx. 90 motets, 4 Magnificats, 80 chansons
- Representative - Missa L’homme armé
