Medicine - Dermatology Flashcards
presentation of acne rosacea?
- 1st symptom is usually flushing - affects: nose, cheeks, forehead- telangiectasia - persistent erythema with pustules and papules - rhinophyma of nose- worsened by sunlight
how can acne rosacea affect the eyes?
NAME?
management of acne rosacea?
NAME?
what is a keloid scar?
abnormal growth of scar tissue at the site of a skin injury
epidemiology of keloid scars?
- 15x more likely in POCs than white people| - typically aged 10-30
how to differentiate between a keloid scar and hypertrophic scar tissue?
hypertrophic scars don’t grow beyond boundaries of the original wound and shrink over time
where are keloid scars most likely to be found?
- upper chest| - shoulders
what are the 4 pressure areas of the body?
NAME?
describe a koebner phenomenon
a linear eruption arising at the site of trauma
describe a target lesion. where are these seen?
- concentric rings, like a dart board| - erythema multiforme
describe an annular lesion. where are these seen?
- in a circular shape| - tinea corporis (ringworm)
describe a discoid lesion. where are these seen?
NAME?
is purpura blanching or non-blanching? how can the lesions within this be described?
NAME?
what should be commented on when palpating a skin lesion?
NAME?
give some examples of dermatological emergencies
NAME?
causes of urticaria / angioedema / anaphylaxis?
NAME?
management of urticaria?
NAME?
complications of anaphylaxis?
NAME?
causes of erythema nodosum?
NAME?
presentation of erythema nodosum?
- tender nodules - typically on shins- may be confluent- leave bruise-like mark when they go, but no scarring- last 1-2 wks
key risk factor for erythema multiforme?
HSV infection
risk factors for stevens-johnson syndrome?
NAME?
how can stevens-johnson syndrome be differentiated from erythema multiforme?
in SJS, there’s more widespread skin involvement
classic description of erythema multiforme?
target lesions
features of TEN?
- widespread skin and mucosal necrosis| - pt is septic, looks toxic
main cause of TEN?
drug-induced
key causes of death in TEN?
NAME?
describe the causative organism in acute meningococcaemia
- neisseria meningitides| - G-ve diplococcus
describe the skin changes seen in meningococcal meningitis
NAME?
what could the rash in meningococcal meningitis progress to? (end-stage disease)
NAME?
management of acute meningococcaemia?
- benzylpenicillin| - close contacts: prophylactic rifampicin within 14d
complications of acute meningococcaemia?
NAME?
describe erythroderma
exfoliative dermatitis involving >90% of total skin!
causes of erythroderma?
NAME?
which pre-existing skin diseases could lead to erythroderma?
- eczema| - psoriasis
drug causes of erythroderma?
NAME?
management of erythroderma?
NAME?
complications of erythroderma?
NAME?
prognosis of erythroderma?
20-40% mortality rate
which condition is eczema herpeticum a serious complication of?
atopic eczema
cause of eczema herpeticum?
HSV infection
presentation of eczema herpeticum?
NAME?
complications of eczema herpeticum?
NAME?
causes / RFs of necrotising fasciitis?
NAME?
presentation of necrotising fasciitis?
NAME?
what causes crepitus in necrotising fasciitis?
subcutaneous emphysema
what might be seen on X-ray in necrotising fasciitis?
soft tissue gas
management of necrotising fasciitis?
- urgent surgical debridement| - IV ABx
prognosis in necrotising fasciitis?
mortality is as high as 76% !!
