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MBBS Y5 > Medicine - Dermatology > Flashcards

Medicine - Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

presentation of acne rosacea?

A
  • 1st symptom is usually flushing - affects: nose, cheeks, forehead- telangiectasia - persistent erythema with pustules and papules - rhinophyma of nose- worsened by sunlight
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2
Q

how can acne rosacea affect the eyes?

A

NAME?

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3
Q

management of acne rosacea?

A

NAME?

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4
Q

what is a keloid scar?

A

abnormal growth of scar tissue at the site of a skin injury

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5
Q

epidemiology of keloid scars?

A
  • 15x more likely in POCs than white people| - typically aged 10-30
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6
Q

how to differentiate between a keloid scar and hypertrophic scar tissue?

A

hypertrophic scars don’t grow beyond boundaries of the original wound and shrink over time

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7
Q

where are keloid scars most likely to be found?

A
  • upper chest| - shoulders
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8
Q

what are the 4 pressure areas of the body?

A

NAME?

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9
Q

describe a koebner phenomenon

A

a linear eruption arising at the site of trauma

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10
Q

describe a target lesion. where are these seen?

A
  • concentric rings, like a dart board| - erythema multiforme
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11
Q

describe an annular lesion. where are these seen?

A
  • in a circular shape| - tinea corporis (ringworm)
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12
Q

describe a discoid lesion. where are these seen?

A

NAME?

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13
Q

is purpura blanching or non-blanching? how can the lesions within this be described?

A

NAME?

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14
Q

what should be commented on when palpating a skin lesion?

A

NAME?

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15
Q

give some examples of dermatological emergencies

A

NAME?

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16
Q

causes of urticaria / angioedema / anaphylaxis?

A

NAME?

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17
Q

management of urticaria?

A

NAME?

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18
Q

complications of anaphylaxis?

A

NAME?

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19
Q

causes of erythema nodosum?

A

NAME?

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20
Q

presentation of erythema nodosum?

A
  • tender nodules - typically on shins- may be confluent- leave bruise-like mark when they go, but no scarring- last 1-2 wks
21
Q

key risk factor for erythema multiforme?

A

HSV infection

22
Q

risk factors for stevens-johnson syndrome?

A

NAME?

23
Q

how can stevens-johnson syndrome be differentiated from erythema multiforme?

A

in SJS, there’s more widespread skin involvement

24
Q

classic description of erythema multiforme?

A

target lesions

25
Q

features of TEN?

A
  • widespread skin and mucosal necrosis| - pt is septic, looks toxic
26
Q

main cause of TEN?

A

drug-induced

27
Q

key causes of death in TEN?

A

NAME?

28
Q

describe the causative organism in acute meningococcaemia

A
  • neisseria meningitides| - G-ve diplococcus
29
Q

describe the skin changes seen in meningococcal meningitis

A

NAME?

30
Q

what could the rash in meningococcal meningitis progress to? (end-stage disease)

A

NAME?

31
Q

management of acute meningococcaemia?

A
  • benzylpenicillin| - close contacts: prophylactic rifampicin within 14d
32
Q

complications of acute meningococcaemia?

A

NAME?

33
Q

describe erythroderma

A

exfoliative dermatitis involving >90% of total skin!

34
Q

causes of erythroderma?

A

NAME?

35
Q

which pre-existing skin diseases could lead to erythroderma?

A
  • eczema| - psoriasis
36
Q

drug causes of erythroderma?

A

NAME?

37
Q

management of erythroderma?

A

NAME?

38
Q

complications of erythroderma?

A

NAME?

39
Q

prognosis of erythroderma?

A

20-40% mortality rate

40
Q

which condition is eczema herpeticum a serious complication of?

A

atopic eczema

41
Q

cause of eczema herpeticum?

A

HSV infection

42
Q

presentation of eczema herpeticum?

A

NAME?

43
Q

complications of eczema herpeticum?

A

NAME?

44
Q

causes / RFs of necrotising fasciitis?

A

NAME?

45
Q

presentation of necrotising fasciitis?

A

NAME?

46
Q

what causes crepitus in necrotising fasciitis?

A

subcutaneous emphysema

47
Q

what might be seen on X-ray in necrotising fasciitis?

A

soft tissue gas

48
Q

management of necrotising fasciitis?

A
  • urgent surgical debridement| - IV ABx
49
Q

prognosis in necrotising fasciitis?

A

mortality is as high as 76% !!

MBBS Y5 (27 decks)

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