Medicine at a Glance

Question 1

Bilateral Oedema Causes

Answer 1

Right Heart Failure
(High Jugular Venous Pressure, Hepatomegaly)

Low Serum Albumin
- Liver Failure (Leukonychia, Bruises, Gynecoma
Dilated Abd veins indicating portal hypertention, )
- Renal Failure (Urine Frothy + Protein)
- Malnutrition

General Immobility (Elderly)

Inferior Vena Cava compression
(USS Abd, Colour Flow Doppler)

Question 2

Unilateral Oedema Causes

Answer 2

Lymphatic Obstruction

DVT (Tenderness in Claves, Warmth, Pain, USS Vein)

Cellulitis (Raised C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Temperature)

Pelvic Tumours (Unilaterally Compress Veins)

Localised Immobility (Long Standing Hemiparesis)

Question 3

Bilateral Oedema

Investigations

Treatment

Answer 3

Albumin
Urinary Protein Exretion
LFT's
Renal Function
ECG, CXR
Echo-cardiogram

Diuretics

Question 4

Tachyarrythmia

Answer 4

Instantaneous
Fast Palpitations
Lasts (Minutes)

Vagal Manoeuvres
History of Heart Disease

Question 5

Supraventricular Tachycardia SVT

Answer 5

Teenage Years

Electro Cardio Gram

Question 6

Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 6

Irregularly Irregular Palpitations

Breathlessness from heart failure

Question 7

Ventricular Tachycardia

Answer 7

Syncope is common

Question 8

Extrasystoles

Answer 8

Post Extra Systolic Beat has an Increased Contraction Feel like their heart misses a beat and then restarts

Question 9

DVT

Answer 9

Raised D-Dimers