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History Gr 6 > MEDICINE > Flashcards

MEDICINE Flashcards

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1
Q

What does an indigenous healer look at when he looks at his patient?

A

He looks at the thoughts and feelings of a person that could cause disease.

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2
Q

How does Indigenous Healers heal their patience

A

With Herbal medicine and spiritual world

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3
Q

With who does the Indigenous Healer communicate

A

With ancestors

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4
Q

Why do Indigenous Healers use herbs

A

To heal patience and protect them from evil

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5
Q

Types of Indigenous Healers

A

Sangomas

Inyangas

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6
Q

What is the oldest form of medicine?

A

Use of medicinal plants passed .

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7
Q

Which Indigenous Healer is most important

A

Sangoma

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8
Q

Where does word Sangoma comes from?

A

Zulu word izangoma

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9
Q

What are most Sangoma’s

A

Women

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10
Q

What do Sangoma’s do?

A

Find out why you are sick or worried

Give messages from ancestors to you

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11
Q

What do Inyangas use to heal, what do they have knowlegde of?

A

They use medicinal plants, they have a great knowledge of plants and their uses.

Don’t use spiritual healing

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12
Q

Can an Inyanga be a sangoma?

A

No a Sangoma can be a Inyanga

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13
Q

What are most Inyanga’s

A

They are men

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14
Q

How does a person knows he must be a Traditional Healer?

A
  1. Born with a gift for healing
  2. Their ancestors play important role
  3. They dream of being a healer
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15
Q

What must happen if an Indigenous Healer has a mental illness or are distrubed

A

They must be healed

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16
Q

What must a person do to become an Indigenous Healer?

A
  • He must work with a practising Healer and learn all the techniques and knowledge about plant medicine.
  • The practising healer will do certain ceremonies
  • They wear specific clothes and beads
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17
Q

Name 3 well known medicinal plants

A
  • Lavender,
  • aloes,
  • thyme
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18
Q

Elephants foot (what part is used) ___________ to cure rheumatism, which is a painful disease of _________

A

Roots is used to make a tea, painful disease of the joints

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19
Q

__________ the plant bulb is used, it helps backache, fevers and _________

A

Wild Pineapple, headache

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20
Q

African wormwood the ________ is used to make a tea that helps with _______ and _________

A

Leaves, Colds and coughs

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21
Q

______________, the bulb of this plant is poisons, but outer layer is used on wounds

A

Tumble weed.

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22
Q

What is Medical Science?

A
  • It is curing the body of disease.
  • learning what cause the disease
  • doing experiments to find out if they are correct.
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23
Q

Who developed medical science

A

The Greeks

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24
Q

From Who did the Greeks learn medical Science

A

From the Egyptians

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25
Q

Who was Hippocrates?

A

Hippocrates was a well known Greek doctor.

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26
Q

What did Hippocrates want to find?

A

Physical causes of disease

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27
Q

When did today’s medical science start

A

During the Renaissance

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28
Q

How are Western doctors educated?

A

Western doctors are trained in science and how to apply technology to cure diseases.

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29
Q

Who discovered that certain diseases are contagious?

A

The Egyptians and the Greeks

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30
Q

What disease was VERY contagious from 1700 - 1799

A

POX

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31
Q

What is pox?

A

Pox is highly contagious disease from 1700-1799.

It can spread by just touching a sick person

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32
Q

What are the symptoms of pox?

A

Symptoms are:

  • High fever
  • Body covered in sores or blisters
  • It could spread to brain and lungs - result in death
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33
Q

Who got the cure for Pox?

A

Dr Edward Jenner

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34
Q

What did a person have after he was cured of pox?

A

He had very ugly scars

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35
Q

How did Dr Edward Jenner discover the cure for POX?

A

He saw that the girls who milked the cows never got pox.

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36
Q

How did Dr Edward Jenner’s experiment work to cure POX?

A

He took puss from a cowpox sore and rubbed it onto a healthy boys arm, the boy got a little bit sick but not bad.

Then he took real pox puss and rubbed it into a cut on the boys arm. The boy did not get pox or sick

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37
Q

What did Dr Jenner call his experiment when it worked?

A

Vaccination

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38
Q

How does Vaccination work?

A

Person is injected (vaccinated) with a few germs of the disease, the body forms antibodies that fight the disease.

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39
Q

What causes diseases to start?

A

Germs

40
Q

What are Germs?

A

Micro-organisms that are too small to see with the naked eye

41
Q

How can we see germs / micro-organisms

A

With a microscope

42
Q

Who is Louis Pasteur

A

He was a French scientist

43
Q

Where and when was Louis Pasteur born

A

France, 1822

44
Q

What did Scientist believe in Louis Pasteurs time?

A

That there were small particles in the air that floated around causing desease, making plants & animal material rot

45
Q

Why did Louis Pasteur study wine?

A

Louis Pasteur wanted to know why it went bad

46
Q

What did Louis Pasteur discover when he studied wine?

A

That heat killed bacteria, and sealed bottles wine did not go off.

He concluded that there are bacteria in the air causing food to go bad.

47
Q

According to Louis Pasteurs Theory about disease and germs, all ………………… are caused by ……………….

A

Diseases are caused by germs

48
Q

What made Louis Pasteur famous?

A
  • Rabies vaccine
  • Process of pasteurisation - stop milk from becoming sour
  • That heat kills bacteria
  • Theres bacteria in the air that makes food go bad
49
Q

What did Louis Pasteur do for the French Silk Industry

A

He saved the silk industry when he stopped a disease from spreading that would kill all the silkworms in France

50
Q

What is rabies?

A

Deadly disease from animals saliva, transfer when they bite someone.

51
Q

What is Pasteurisation?

A

Process milk goes through so that it does not go sour.

52
Q

What is TB - Tuberculosis?

A

Infectious BACTERIAL disease

affects a person’s lungs.

Coughs a lot.

Can be deadly

53
Q

What are the symptoms of TB?

A

Cough alot

can be deadly

54
Q

Who is Robert Koch? What did he do?

A

German doctor, excecllent researcher

Researched what bacteria caused what diseases

55
Q

Why did Robert Koch colour/stain bacteria?

A

To make it more clearer under the mocroscope and to photograph it

56
Q

Did Robert Kock make the medicine to fight TB

A

No only years after his research was medicine made for TB

57
Q

What did Robert Koch do with the TB bacteria?

A

He was the 1st person to inject the bacteria into another person.

Later he injected same person with live TB virus and person did not get sick.

58
Q

Who is this and what was his job?

A

Alexander Flemming

Trained medical doctor in First World War

59
Q

What happened during the war and what did Flemming do?

A

Lots of soldiers died of infected wounds

After the war Flemming did research how to kill germs that cause infections

60
Q

How did Flemming discover antibiotics

A

There was old bread in the laboratory that had fuzzy green mold on it.

He noticed that the bacteria close to the bread had died.

He repeated the experiment with same results

61
Q

With who did Alexander Flemming work.

A

A F worked with

Howard Florey

Ernest Chain

62
Q

When was the first antibiotics made?

A

During the Second World War

America gave money to companies to make Penicillian for the war.

63
Q

What is Surgery?

A

Surgeon make a cut in patient body to fix or remove a sick part.

The cut is sewn up with stitches and person recovers.

Stitches are removed.

64
Q

What is Anaesthesia?

A

It makes a person unconscious while they are being operated on, they do not feel pain.

65
Q

When was modern anaesthesia started?

A

When morphine were discovered

66
Q

What did the discovery of Morphine meant?

A

Surgeons could operate for longer and more carefull, as patients can’t feel pain.

67
Q

What did doctors use before anaesthesia?

A

Chloroform gas in 1840’s

68
Q

Why do patience still die after surgery?

A

Because wounds becomes septic

69
Q

What does Septic mean?

A

The wound is infected with bacteria

70
Q

Who decided in 1865 that bacteria caused wounds to become septic?

A

John Lister

71
Q

What did John Lister do to fight wounds becoming septic?

A

He paid attention to how clean the enviroment is where operations took place.

72
Q

What happened that more people survived after surgery?

A
  • Doctors wash their hands when with patiens
  • They clean surfaces
  • Sterilise instruments for operations (by boiling)
  • Use antiseptic germ killers
73
Q

What is blood transfusion?

A

It is when blood from a healthy person is put into a sick person.

74
Q

How much blood is in an adults body?

A

5 litres

75
Q

In the 1900’s they identified 4 blood groups, name them.

A

A

B

AB

O

76
Q

In 1914 - 1918 medicine were made to help with what in the blood?

A

Prevent blood from clotting

77
Q

When did the first blood bank opened?

how did they get blood?

A

1936

People donated their blood and it was stored for the use by other patients.

78
Q

Who by accident discovered how to make x-rays?

A

Wilhelm Rontgen, a German Scientist

1895

79
Q

How did Wilhelm Rontgen discover the x-tray?

A

He was busy with an experiment using electricity and a special light machine when he took a photo of this fingers.

He realised the light could go through black paper

80
Q

On who did he repeat the experiment?

A

On his wife

81
Q

What did he realise could x-rays do for doctors

A

It could help doctors to see broken bones and growths

It could also help in surgery

82
Q

Why do they take x-rays of a persons chest?

A

To see if he’s got TB

83
Q

What is a Transplant?

A

It is when a sick part is removed fromyour body and replaced with a healthy part from someone else’s body.

84
Q

Since when do surgeons do transplants?

A

1960

85
Q

What type of organs can be transplanted or used?

A

Kidneys and heart that are still “fresh” from a recently died person

86
Q

Who did the first heart transplant?

A

Dr Chris Barnard

87
Q

When did Dr Chris Barnard do the first transplant and where

A

Dr Chris Barnard did 1st transplant in 1967

at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town

88
Q

Who was the first heart transplant patient?

A

Louis Washansky

89
Q

Who’s heart did Louis Washansky receive?

A

He got the heart of a young lady that died in a car crash

90
Q

How long did Louis Washansky live with his new heart

A

18 days

He died of a lung infection

91
Q

What is Holistic Healing

A

Treating the HOLE person

Body, mind and spirit.

Focus on everything that happens in person’s life

92
Q

What is Traditional Healing

A

They also treat hole person, verything in your life that could cause you illness

93
Q

Western Healing

A

medicine companies have now changed and use indigenous plants in their medicine.

Western doctors realise that a persons feelings and emotions are an important role in their healing

94
Q

What kind of healing do South Africans use

A

Most use traditional methods.

Like homeopaths, chiropractors, acupunturis

95
Q

What does Western countries name traditional healing

A

Alternative healing

History Gr 6 (11 decks)

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