Medications Flashcards
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Anti-convulsant drug used for partial seizures
Clonidine
- Spasticity - used for those with spasms and uncontrolled hypertension - side effect: orthostatic hypotension
Ambien
Non-benzo, non-barbituate, sedative
Gabapentin
-Spasticity - use with SCI and MS patients - side effects: sedation, confusion, fatigue, weight gain
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Anti-convulsant - used for tonic clonic sz
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Anti-convulsant - used for partial Sz
Dantrolene Sodium
Spasticity -used with severe spasms and SC lesions - side effects: weakness, diarrhea, hepatotoxicity
Baclofen
Spasticity - used for those without severe mm weakness - side effects: sedation, mm weakness, dyskinesia, confusion, hallucinations
Dexmedetomidine (precedex)
Sedative / hypnotic - used in the ICU for sedation, agitation, anxiety, etc - depresses the sympathetic response, leading to bradycardia and hypotension
Chlorpromazine
First generation “typical” anti-psychotic drug
tetrabenazine
Used for huntington’s disease to suppress chorea
Topiramate (Topamax)
Anti-convulsant - used for generalized tonic clonic sz
Perphenazine
First generation “typical” anti-psychotic drug
Diazepam (Valium)
Benzodiazepine, used to reduce anxiety related to vestibular conditions
Diazepam
Spasticity - used for painful mm spasms especially at night - side effects: sedation and habituation
Haloperiodol
First generation “typical” anti-psychotic drug
Meclizine (antivert)
Vestibular sedative
Tizanidine
Spasticity - used with patients with marked mm weakness - side effects: hypotension, elevated liver enzymes, sedation, and hallucinations
COMT inhibitors
used for PD
prevents the degradation of levodopa in the periphery similar to carbidopa
Anticholingerics
used for PD
reduces over activity of acetylocholine and inhibits dipamine reuptake in the striatum
used maily to treat tremors and rigidity
Gentamicin
An antibiotic that causes damage to hair cells. Causes bilateral vestibular loss
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Neurostimulant
Valproic Acid (Valproate)
Anti-convulsant - used for BOTH partial sz and for generalized tonic-clonic sz
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)
Anti-convulsant - used for partial sz
Corticosteroids
used for patients with MS to decrease the inflammatory response to help control symptoms during a relapse/exacerbation and end the relapse more quickly. No long term benefit for MS
-usually 3-5 days of IV, may be followed with a slow taper of oral prednisone
Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
Non-benzo, non-barbituate, sedative
Fluphenazine
First generation “typical” anti-psychotic drug
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Non-benzo, non-barbituate, sedative
Amphetamines
Neurostimulant
Dopamine agonists
- Used as a neurostimulant
- also used for PD. May be Rx before sinemet or for during off times (as an adjunct to sinemet) to delay or reduce motor fluctuations and dyskinesia
Riluzole
used for ALS -disease modifying drug that decreases glutamate release increasing survival 2-9 months
MAO type B inhibitors
used in PD
blocks the breakdown of dopamine in the brain
Ondansetron (Zofran)
anti-emetics (nausea) used with vestibular impairments
Sinemet
gold standard for treating PD.
Combination of levodopa and carbidopa. Levodopa can cross Blood brain barrier and carbidopa prevents levodopa from converting into dopamine in the periphery.
Amantadine
used for PD
dopamine agonist and dopamine reuptake inhibitor
used to treatdyskinesia
