Medications Flashcards
What are opioids, name one and why are they used?
Opiates are pain relief medication commonly used in -
Anaesthesia
Cough suppression
Palliative care
- I.e Codine
Side effects of opiates?
Addiction and dependency
Respiratory depression
Nausea and vomiting
Constipation
Drowsiness
List generational antipsychotic medication and indications?
What are the risks of each generation?
First generation is haloperidol which block dopamine. High risk of tremors muscle contraction and restlessness.
Second generation is olanzepine which block seratonin. Metabolic risk like diabetes and weight gain.
What is extra -pyramidial symptoms in antipsychotic drugs?
This is drug induced movement disorders. Like muscle contraction.
Nursing consideration in antipsychotic drugs?
Hormonal changes
Prolonged QT wave in ECG
CARDIAC changes
Why would an infant be given diuretics in PDA condition?
To treat fluid overload because the heart has to work harder to pump all the blood. Possibly Causing heart failure.
What are diuretics and name one?
Diuretics are medications used to remove excess fluid from the body by increasing urine production. I.e Furosemide
What medication would be used to prevent or treat blood clotting?
Heparin is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clotting.
Commonly used in dialysis, surgery, pulmonary embolism, those with heart conditions.
Why is heparin used in Iv?
Heparin is used in IV lines to prevent blood clots from forming in the catheter, which could block the line and prevent the delivery of medications or fluids.
When and why are anti histamines used?
Antihistamines are used to treat allergic reactions. They work by blocking histamine, a chemical your body releases during an allergic reaction. This can help relieve symptoms like itching, sneezing, runny nose, and hives.
What drugs are used to treat high BP and heart failure? ACE…
ACE inhibitors like RAMIPRIL… are medications that are used to treat high blood pressure and other heart conditions. They work by blocking the action of an enzyme called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which helps to relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure.
Name and define beta blockers?
PROPANOL… Beta-blockers are medications work by blocking the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which slow down the heart rate and reduce blood pressure. They’re often used to reduce high blood pressure, irregular heartbeats, and chest pain (angina).
Why are beta blockers used?
To reduce cardiovascular risks like arrhythmia.. irregular heart rhythm.
What is milrinone?
Milrinone is a medication used to treat severe heart failure. It works by increasing the heart’s ability to contract and pump blood, and by relaxing blood vessels, which helps to improve blood flow and cardiac output. MAKE THE HEART WORK HARDER!
Milrinone side effects?
Head aches
Dizziness
Tremor
chest pain - angina
Hyper tension
Renal failure.
