Congenital Cardiac Conditions Flashcards
What is Milrinone?
Increase the contractility of the heart, increasing blood flow.
What do the atria do?
The 2 upper chambers of the heart- the atrias receive blood which returns to the heart.
What are the 4 chambers of the heart called?
Right and left atrias
Right and left ventricles
What do the ventricles do?
The 2 lower chambers of the heart - the ventricles pump blood out of the heart.
Name the atrioventricular valves (AV)
And what they do?
The tricuspid valve between the right atrium and ventricle.
The mitral valve between the left atrium and ventricle.
THESE PREVENT BACK-FLOW INTO THE ATRIA.
Name the semilunar vales and what they do?
The pulmonary valves between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
The aortic valve between the aorta and left ventricular.
THESE PREVENT BLACKFLOW OF BLOOD INTO THE VENTRICLES.
What are the blood vessels?
arteries- carry oxygen rich blood….
Veins.
Septum.
Dieuretics are what, name a dieuretic.
Diuretics are medications which remove excess fluid from the body increasing kidneys urine production. These manage fluid balance and blood pressure.
Furosemide
Potassium-sparing diuretic’s prevent loss of potassium.
Name a risk of using milrinone
Hypotension -low Bp
Heart rhythm -arrhythmia
Thrombocytopenia -risk of bleeding from low platelets in blood
Angina -chest pain
What is the function of the heart.
The heart’s primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing waste products.
What is heart failure?
Pressure overload causes impaired contract ability
From volume overload and high cardia output demand
Tissue becomes loose and saggy
What is the heart muscles tissues called
Myocardium.
What other organs are affected by heart failure?
The kidneys as less blood is pumped to the kidneys, reducing urine production, increased pressure in venous (blood vessels) system. Renal
Hypoperfusion caused by compromised bloodflow leading to kidney damage.
Who must we consider when transitioning children to adults
Dietician
Cardiologist
Family
Occupational therapist
What is the average BPM for adults and children?
Adults are 60-100
Children 100-160
What can VSD cause?
Heart failure
Irregular heart rhythm
Leaky heart valve
Stroke
Pulmonary hypertension
How do you repair a ASD OR VSD?
Small holes only require monitoring as they can close themselves
Large holes may require-
Open heart surgery or a trans- catheter closure.
