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Medications Flashcards

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1
Q

Antidepressant 5 things it can treat

A

Used to treat major depressive illness, anxiety, bipolar patients in depression phase, and psychotic depression.

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2
Q

What does Antipsychotic aka neuroleptic treat

A

Also known as neuroleptic. It treats symptoms of psychosis such as delusions and hallucinations, the manic phase of bipolar, schizoaffective disorder

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3
Q

Anxiolytic

A

Used to treat anxiety, insomnia, OCD, depression, PTSD, and alcohol withdrawal.

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4
Q

Mood stabilizing drugs

A

To treat bipolar disorder and calms patients mood, it prevents the highs and lows that come with bipolar issues and treat acute phases of mania

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5
Q

Efficiency

A

How effective are the therapeutic effect of drug

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6
Q

Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPSs)

A

Neurological SE of antipsychotics/neuroleptics meds that are drug and dose-related; ex Dystonia, fake parkinsons and akathisia

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7
Q

How to treat EPSs

A

anticholinergics

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8
Q

What is half-life

A

The time it takes for half the drug to be eliminated from the blood

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9
Q

Antidepressants
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Celexa

A

Stops the reuptake of serotonin; it reduces depression, controls anxiety, and controls OCD

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10
Q

SE of SSRIs

A

Nausea, diarrhea, anorexia, nervousness, insomnia, abnormal dreams, headache, decreased libido, delayed ejaculation, tremors, sweating, fatigue, drowsiness, weight loss or gain, GI bleeding, hyponatremia

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11
Q

Antidepressants
Tricyclic(SEROTONIN AND NOREPINEPHRENE)
Sinequan, Elavil, Pamelor, Tofranil, Norpramin,
Anafranil

A

Block the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin; it reduces depression, helps with severe pain, and prevent panic attacks

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12
Q

SE of Tricyclic

A

Tremors, sexual impotence cardiac arrhythmias, anticholinergic effects, seizure threshold, photosensitivity. DON’T COMBINE IT WITH antiarrhythmic.

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13
Q

Antidepressants
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)(serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine)
Parnate, Nardil, Marplan

A

This drug prevents the breakdown of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine; it helps reduce depression and control anxiety

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14
Q

SE of MAOIs
Parnate, Nardil, Marplan

A

When combined with other drugs and tyramine containing foods, MAOIs can be toxic and can cause HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS

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15
Q

What do we education pt on food that contain Tyramine

A

diet restrictions on tyramine foods to prevent HTN crisis

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16
Q

Tyramine containing products

A

Wine, cheese, preserved meats, beer, fats, chocolate

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17
Q

Medications to avoid when taking MAOIs

A

Tricyclics antidepressants, CNS depressants, anti-HTN, OTC cold meds, barbituates, antihistamines

18
Q

Antidepressants
Selective SEROTONIN norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SSNRIs)
(Effexor, Fetzima, Cymbalta, Pristiq)

A

Stops the reuptake of serotonin without affecting other receptors

19
Q

SE of Selective Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SSNRIs)
(Effexor, Fetzima, Cymbalta, Pristiq)

A

Nausea, diarrhea, anorexia, nervousness, insomnia, headache, diastolic hypertension, impotence

20
Q

Serotonin syndrome

A

Is a life-threatening condition associated with increased serotonergic activity(aka too much serotonin) in the central nervous system

21
Q

Causes of Serotonin Syndrome

A

MAO inhibitors
Tricyclic antidepressants
SSRIs
SNRIs
Stimulants
Serotonin Agonists (ondansetron, granisetron)
Serotonin Modulators (nefazodone, vilazodone)
Herbal products (St. John’s wort)
Antimigraine agents (Triptans)

22
Q

Atypical

A

Wellbutrin, Maprotiline, Desyrel

23
Q

Anxiolytics
Benzodiazepines
Ativan Valium
Klonopin Librium
Xanax Restoril

A

Causes the effects of GABA to be stronger

24
Q

Diet restrictions with Benzo

A

Limit coffee because it decreased the effect of medication and alcohol increases the effect of the med

25
Q

Uses of Benzo

A

Controls:
Anxiety
Insomnia
Seizure disorders
Preoperative medication
Muscle spasms
Alcohol withdrawal

26
Q

SE of Benzo

A

CNS depression
Anterograde amnesia (impaired recall of events that take place after dosing)
Paradoxical effects- a person experiences the opposite of what the drug is intended to do.
Respiratory depression
Tolerance
Physical dependence

27
Q

Antipsychotics

A

Reduce anxiety, control s/s of schizophrenia decreases hallucinations and delusions; has rapid sedative effects

28
Q

Education of antipsychotics

A

Take on empty stomach
Meds can be passed through milk and the fetus

29
Q

Neuroleptics Typical meds

A

Thorazine
Haldol
Prolixin
Trilafon

30
Q

Neuroleptics Atypical meds

A

Clozaril Clozapine
Risperdal Respiridone
Zyprexa Olanzapine
Geodon Ziprasidone
Abilify Aripiprazole
Invega Paliperidone

31
Q

SE of Neuroleptics

A

Sedation
Postural hypotension
Sexual dysfunctions
Photosensitivity
Allergic skin reactions
Decreased seizure threshold

Anti cholinergic effects
Decreased BP
Dry mouth
Blurred vision
constipation
Urine retention

32
Q

Severe/ deadly SE of Neuroleptics/antipsychotics

A

Agranulocytosis- the result of WBC count dropping to a decreased level-
Jaundice
Extrapyramidal Reactions
Pseudoparkinsonism
Akathesia
Akinesia or Bradykinesia
Dystonias
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)- rigidity, muscle breakdown, mute, fever tachycardia, sweaty, dilated pupils elevated BP or unstable
Tardive Dyskinesia

33
Q

Educations for Antidepressants

A

Discontinue slowly
Takes 2-4 weeks to work
DO NOT combine with MAOIs

34
Q

Mood Stabilizers
Lithium edu

A

Take regularly
Do not skimp on NA intake
Can pass through breastfeeding

35
Q

Lithium therapeutic range and toxic range

A

1.0 to 1.5 mEq/L
1.5 mEq/L to higher

36
Q

Anxiolytics Education

A

Don’t take it with other CNS depressants
Avoid taking it if pregnant or lactating
Use caution when administering to the elderly and clients with hepatic or renal dysfunction
Use caution when administering to individuals with a drug or drug addiction history

37
Q

Antipsychotics Education- causes antichol effects

A

Can cause dry mouth – provide sugarless candy or gum
Can cause Blurred vision – teach that this will most likely subside
Can cause Constipation – high fiber diet
Can cause Urinary retention – report any problems urinating

38
Q

Stimulants Nursing care/EDU

A

Overstimulation – assess mental status for changes in mood, level of activity, and aggressiveness
Anorexia, weight loss – administer medication immediately after meals. Weigh regularly.
Insomnia – administer last dose at least 6 hours before bedtime. Administer sustained release forms in the morning.

39
Q

Herbal/supplements edu

A

Can interact with conventional drugs
May increase a toxic effect of the conventional drug
May decrease the therapeutic effects of the conventional drug

40
Q

Examples of Herbal remedies and how they interact with regular meds

A

St. John’s Wort- can decrease the intended action.
Can accelerate the metabolism of many drugs causing a loss of therapeutic effect

41
Q

Examples of Herbal remedies and how they interact with regular meds

A

Ginkgo Biloba- messes with blood clots so educate pt
Suppress platelet aggregation and increases the risk of bleeding in patients receiving antiplatelet drugs

42
Q

Examples of Herbal remedies and how they interact with regular meds

A

Ma Huang (Ephedra)
Intensifies the effects of vasopressors, cardiac stimulants, and CNS stimulants. Also, counteracts the beneficial effects of antihypertensive drugs and CNS depressants.

Psych (5 decks)

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