Medications Flashcards

1
Q

absorption

A

process by which drugs are transferred from the site of entry to the blood

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2
Q

adverse drug reactions (ADRs)

A

undesirable effects other than the intended therapeutic effect of a drug

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3
Q

allergic effect

A

immune system response that occurs when the body interprets an administered drug as a foreign substance and forms antibodies against the drug

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4
Q

ampule

A

glass flask containing a single dose of medication for parenteral administration

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5
Q

anaphylactic reaction or anaphylaxis

A

severe reaction occurring immediately after exposure to a drug; characterized by respiratory distress and vascular collapse

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6
Q

distribution

A

movement of drugs by the circulatory system to the site of action

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7
Q

drug tolerance

A

tendency of the body to become accustomed to a drug over time; larger doses are required to produce the desired effects

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8
Q

ethnopharmacology

A

study of the effect of ethnicity on responses to prescribed medication, especially drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion

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9
Q

excretion

A

removal of a drug from the body

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10
Q

generic name

A

name assigned by the manufacturer who first develops a drug; it is often derived from the chemical name

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11
Q

half-life

A

the amount of time it takes for half a dose of a drug to be eliminated from the body

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12
Q

idiosyncratic effect

A

unusual, unexpected response to a drug that may manifest itself by overresponse, underresponse, or response different from the expected outcome

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13
Q

inhalation

A

administration of a drug in solution via the respiratory tract

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14
Q

intradermal injection

A

injection placed just below the epidermis

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15
Q

intramuscular injection

A

an injection into deep muscle tissue, usually of the buttock, thigh, or upper arm

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16
Q

intravenous route

A

injection of a solution into the vein

17
Q

medication reconciliation

A

process of creating an accurate list of all medications a patient is taking and comparing the list to the physician’s orders, with the goal of providing correct medications to the patient

18
Q

metabolism

A

breakdown of a drug to an inactive form

19
Q

parenteral

A

outside of intestines or alimentary canal

20
Q

peak level

A

highest plasma concentration of a drug

21
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

process by which drugs alter cell physiology and affect the body

22
Q

pharmacogenetics

A

the study of how genetic variation affects an individual’s response to drugs

23
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

movement of drug molecules in the body in relation to the drug’s absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion

24
Q

pharmacology

A

study of actions of chemicals on living organisms

25
Q

pharmacotherapeutics

A

dynamic that achieves the desired therapeutic effect of the drug without causing other undesirable effects

26
Q

placebo

A

an inactive substance that gives satisfaction to the person using it

27
Q

PRN order

A

as needed order

28
Q

stat order

A

single order carried out immediately

29
Q

subcutaneous injection

A

injection into the subcutaneous tissue that lies between the epidermis and the muscle

30
Q

synergistic effect

A

combined effect of two or more drugs is greater than the effect of each drug alone

31
Q

teratogenic

A

known to have potential to cause developmental defects in the embryo or fetus

32
Q

therapeutic range

A

that concentration of drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect without causing toxicity

33
Q

topical application

A

application of a substance directly to a body surface

34
Q

toxic effect

A

specific groups of symptoms related to drug therapy that carry risk for permanent damage or death

35
Q

trade (brand) name

A

drug name selected and trademarked by the company marketing the drug

36
Q

trough level

A

the point when a drug is at its lowest concentration

37
Q

vial

A

glass bottle with self-sealing stopper through which medication is removed

38
Q

Z-track technique

A

technique used to administer medications intramuscularly, displace the skin with the hand