Asepsis & Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

aerobic

A

requiring oxygen to live and grow

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2
Q

airborne transmission

A

spreading of microorganisms that are less than 5 mcm when an infected host coughs, sneezes, or talks

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3
Q

anaerobic

A

capable of living without oxygen

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4
Q

antibody

A

immunoglobin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen

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5
Q

antigen

A

foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response

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6
Q

antimicrobial

A

antibacterial agent that kills bacteria or suppresses their growth

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7
Q

asepsis

A

absence of disease-producing microorganisms; using methods to prevent infection

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8
Q

bacteria

A

the most significant and most commonly observed infection-causing agents

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9
Q

bundles

A

evidence-based best practices that have proven positive outcomes when implemented together to prevent infection

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10
Q

colonization

A

presence of an organism residing in an individual’s body but with no clinical signs of infection

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11
Q

direct contact

A

way for organisms to enter the body that involves proximity between the susceptible host and an infected person or a carrier

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12
Q

disinfection

A

process used to destroy microorganisms but not spores

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13
Q

droplet transmission

A

transmission of particles greater than 5 mcm

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14
Q

endemic

A

something that occurs with predictability in one specific region or population

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15
Q

endogenous

A

infection in which the causative organism comes from microbial life harbored within the person

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16
Q

exogenous

A

infection in which the causative organism is acquired from outside the host

17
Q

fomite

A

objects or materials that are likely to carry infection

18
Q

fungi

A

plant-like organisms that can cause infection

19
Q

health care–associated infection (HAI)

A

an infection that was not present on admission but develops during stay at health care institution

20
Q

host

A

animal or person on or within which microorganisms live

21
Q

iatrogenic

A

infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure

22
Q

indirect contact

A

personal contact with either a vector or an inanimate object that transmits an infectious agent to a human

23
Q

infection

A

disease state resulting from pathogens in or on the body

24
Q

isolation

A

protective procedure designed to prevent the transmission of specific microorganisms

25
medical asepsis
practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens
26
nosocomial
something originating or taking place in the hospital
27
parasites
organism that lives on or in a host and relies on it for nourishment
28
pathogens
disease-producing microorganism
29
personal protective equipment (PPE)
gloves, gowns, masks, and protective eye gear designed to minimize or prevent the health care worker’s exposure to infectious material
30
reservoir
natural habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms
31
standard precautions
CDC precautions used in the care of all patients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status
32
sterilization
the process by which all microorganisms, including spores, are destroyed
33
surgical asepsis
practices that render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms
34
transmission-based precautions
CDC precautions used in patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens that can be transmitted by airborne, droplet, or contact routes
35
vector
nonhuman carriers that transmit organisms from one host to another
36
virulence
ability to produce disease
37
virus
smallest of all microorganisms