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Paramedic science - April OSCE > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the treatment for acute oral poisoning or drug overdose?

A

activated charcoal
diazepam for cocaine toxicity
naloxone for opioid toxicity

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2
Q

What is the treatment for a cardiac arrest?

A

Adrenaline (1 milligram in 10ml) improves blood flow for more effective CPR
Amiodarone to treat arrhythmias of the heart

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3
Q

What is the treatment for anaphylaxis?

A
  • Adrenaline (1 milligram in 1ml)
  • chlorphenamine is an antihistamine
  • hydrocortisone calms immune system
  • salbutamol dilates airways
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4
Q

What is the treatment for myocardial ischaemia / angina?

A
  • GTN to dilate coronary arteries and increase oxygenated blood flow to the heart
  • salbutamol reduces BP by preventing an increase in heart rate and constricting of blood vessels
  • or felodipine/amlodipine which reduces the workload for the heart
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5
Q

What is the treatment for inflammation?

A

Aspirin helps with blood clots and fever

Ibruprofen also helps with pain

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6
Q

What is the treatment for fevers?

A

Aspirin reduces substances that cause pain, fever and inflammation

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7
Q

What is the treatment for symptomatic bradycardia?

A

Atropine sultans blocks the nervous systems impact on the heart to increased contractions

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8
Q

What is the treatment for meningococcal disease?

A

benzylpeniccilin

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9
Q

What is the treatment for allergic reactions?

A

chlorphenamine is an antihistamine and in blocking histamine, reduces the effects of inflammation, sneezing, runny nodes etc caused by allergies

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10
Q

What is the treatment of a STEMI?

A
  • GTN to dilate coronary arteries and increase oxygenated blood flow to the heart
  • Morphine provides pain relief and depression of heart rate and output
  • Aspirin thins the blood, preventing the blood from clotting
  • Oxygen
  • Clopidogrel reduces clot formation (300mg tablet form) dose of 600mg
  • Heparin with tenecteplase prevents blood clot formation
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11
Q

What is the treatment for croup?

A

dexamethasone is a corticosteroid which prevents inflammation

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12
Q

What is the treatment for convulsions (seizures)?

A

A seizure is a burst of electrical activity in the brain that affects function. Midazolam slows the electrical activity in the brain.

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13
Q

What is the treatment for severe pain?

A

Nitrous oxide/entonox

morphine

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14
Q

What is the treatment for heart failure?

A

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that limits water reabsorption in the kidneys. Less water will help with the hypertension and oedema caused by heart failure

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15
Q

What is the treatment for pulmonary oedema?

A

furosemide is a loop diuretic that limits water reabsorption in the kidneys. Therefore less fluid for oedema

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16
Q

What is the treatment for high blood pressure?

A

felodipine
amlodipine
furosemide limits water reabsorption, meaning less fluid

17
Q

What is the treatment for severe asthma?

A

Hydrocortisone calms immune system response (severe)
ipratropium blocks muscarinic receptors of the airways (very severe)
salbutamol dilates airways for breathing
adrenaline (1mg in 1ml) temporary bronchial dilation

18
Q

What is the treatment for hypoglycaemia?

A

Glucose 10% when oral is not possible
Glucagon
Glucose 40% oral gel when oral is possible

19
Q

What is the treatment for mild pain?

A

ibruprofen and

paracetemol both provide pain relief

20
Q

What is the treatment for pyrexia (high body temperature)?

A

Ibruprofen reduces the hormones that cause the fever response

21
Q

What is the treatment for nausea and vomiting?

A

metoclopramide is an antagonist to dopamine receptors so it prevents it from binding and causing vomiting
ondansetron blocks serotonin which causes vomiting

22
Q

What is the treatment for postpartum heamorrhage?

A

Misoprostol

synometrine causes the uterus to contract to control bleeding after birth

23
Q

What is the treatment for worsened COPD?

A

salbutamol opens the lowers airways

24
Q

What is the treatment for wheezing?

A

Salbutamol opens the lower airways

25
Q

What is the treatment for low fluids?

A

Sodium chloride 0.9%

Sodium lactate compound if sodium chloride is unavailable

26
Q

What is the treatment for severe bleeding?

A

tranexamic acid prevents clots from breaking down

27
Q

What can be used to prevent stomach ulcers?

A

Misoprostol

Paramedic science - April OSCE (19 decks)

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