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Midwifery > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

Antiemetics, Common Medications, Drug Formulas, Anti Reflux

1
Q

What is the formula for drug calculations?

A

prescribed dose X unit volume divided by unit/medication strength = volume to give (mls)

or

what you want divided by what you’ve got, multiple volume divided by 1 = amount to give (mls)

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2
Q

What medication should you have precautions about prescribing with a history of asthma?

A

Ibuprofen

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3
Q

What is drip rate?

A

The number of drops that enter the filling chamber each minute determining the speed at which fluid enters the patient.

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4
Q

How do you calculate the drip rate?

A
  1. First calculate the ml/hr = (what you want to give divided by time frame in hours ) e.g 1000ml /8hrs = 125ml/hr
  2. Then calculate ml/min = (ml/hr divided by 60 mins) e.g 125ml/60 = 2ml/min
    - standard giving set = 20 drops in 1ml
  3. Therefore 2ml x 20 drops = 40 drops/min
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5
Q

What antibiotic and dosing regimen is used for treating mastitis?

A

Flucloxacillin PO 500mg every 6 hours (QID) for 10 - 14 days 30 minutes before food

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6
Q

Alternative medication for treating mastitis if allergy to pencillin

A

Erythromycin

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7
Q

What type of medication is Mylanta and what is it used for?

A

An antacid used for heartburn

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8
Q

What is the dose of Mylanta?

A

600mg 4X daily between meals

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9
Q

What is the dosing regime for Acidex?

A

10 - 20ml QID after meals

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10
Q

What is the dosing regime for Gaviscon?

A

1 - 2 tablets after meals up to QID

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11
Q

What is a bulk laxative used in pregnancy?

A

Psyllium - Konsyl-D powder

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12
Q

How does a bulk laxative work?

A

Creates bulk using large intakes of water (osmotic action)

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13
Q

What is the dosing regime for psyllium?

A

6.5g in 25ml of water up to TDS (3x daily). Followed by 250ml of fluid

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14
Q

How does a stool softener work?

A

It is a surface detergent that allows water and fat to enter the stool to soften it

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15
Q

What is a stool softener recommended in pregnancy / postpartum?

A

Laxtulose

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16
Q

What is the dosing regime of lactulose?

A

15ml BD (2x daily)

17
Q

What is the first line treatment for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy?

A

Metoclopramide

18
Q

What is the dosing regime for metoclopramide?

A

5 - 10mg TDS (8 hourly). Maximum use of up to 5 days, risk of dystonic reaction in mother

19
Q

What are second line treatments for nausea and vomiting?

A

Cyclizine (nausicalm)
Ondanestron (Zofran)
Prochlorperazine (Stemetil)

20
Q

What is the dosing regime for cyclizine

A

25 - 50mg TDS

21
Q

What is the dosing regime for ondanestron?

A

4 - 8mg 8 - 12 hourly

22
Q

What trimester is ondansetron not recommended and why?

A

First trimester due to increases associated with cleft palate

23
Q

What is the dosing regime for prochlorperazine?

A

25mg 12 hourly or 5 - 10mg 6 - 8 hourly

24
Q

What are the concerns with high doses of prochlorperazine in the third trimester?

A

Have caused prolonged neurological disturbances in the neonate

25
Q

What antibiotics are used for treating asymptomatic UTIs?

A

Amoxicillin, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin

26
Q

Is amoxicillin a narrow or broad spectrum antibiotic?

A

Narrow

27
Q

What antibiotics are used for treating symptomatic UTIs?

A

Nitrofuratin, trimethoprim, augmentin, cefaclor

28
Q

What is the dose of nitrofuratin?

A

50mg 6 hourly for 5 days (not 3rd trimester)

29
Q

What is the dose of trimethoprim?

A

300mg once daily at night for 3 days (not 1st trimester)

30
Q

What is the dose of augmentin?

A

625mg TDS for 7 days (not with risk of PTL)

31
Q

What affects the absorption of iron?

A

Antiacids and coffee

32
Q

Antacids are used in pregnancy to manage heartburn as it:

A

Helps to neutralise stomach acids

33
Q

Prior to recommending or prescribing Antacids after 20 weeks of pregnancy, you should check:

A

Symptoms of preeclampsia, e.g. blood pressure, fetal growth, urine analysis

Midwifery (36 decks)

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