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PHRM 822 Spring 2023 > Medication List 1: Anti-Infectives > Flashcards

Medication List 1: Anti-Infectives Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-bacterials (antibiotics)

A

doxycycline, amoxicillin, cephalexin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin, metronidazole

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2
Q

Doxycycline: brands

A

Vibramycin, Adoxa, Monodox

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3
Q

Doxycycline: common strengths

A

20mg, 50mg, 75mg, 100mg, 150mg

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4
Q

Doxycycline: common frequency

A

q12h

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5
Q

Doxycycline: indications/use

A

RTI, UTI, STI, acne and skin infections

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6
Q

Doxycycline: counseling tips and important info

A

-sun sensitivity
-take with food to prevent stomach upset
-Do not take with: Ca++, Fe++, Mg++, Zn++ within 2 hours of taking doxy
-May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives (OC); use additional form of (BC) during and 1 wk after last dose

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7
Q

Amoxicillin: brands

A

Amoxil

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8
Q

Amoxicillin: common strengths

A

250mg, 500mg, 875mg

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9
Q

Amoxicillin: common frequency

A

q8h, q12h

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10
Q

Amoxicillin: indications/use

A

RTI, UTI, STI, ENT infections, skin infections

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11
Q

Amoxicillin: counseling tips and important info

A

-May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives (OC); use additional form of (BC) during and 1 wk after last dose
-contraindicated if penicillin allergy

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12
Q

Cephalexin: brands

A

Keflex

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13
Q

Cephalexin: common strengths

A

250mg, 500mg

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14
Q

Cephalexin: common frequency

A

q6h, q8h

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15
Q

Cephalexin: indications/use

A

RTI, UTI, ENT, skin and bone infections, skin disease states

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16
Q

Cephalexin: counseling tips and important info

A

-do not take with Zn++ for at least 3 hours after taking
-contraindicated if cephalosporin allergy
-caution if penicillin allergy

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17
Q

Azithromycin: brands

A

Zithromax, Z-Pak, Tri-Pak

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18
Q

Azithromycin: common strengths

A

250mg, 500mg

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19
Q

Azithromycin: common frequency

A

Z-pak: Two 250mg PO (500mg) on day 1, then 1 tablet days 2-5, q24h

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20
Q

Azithromycin: indications/use

A

RTI, STI, ENT, skin, and eye infections

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21
Q

Azithromycin: counseling tips and important info

A

-Do not take with an Al++ or Mg++ containing antacid
-QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interactions
-contraindicated if macrolide allergy

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22
Q

Ciprofloxacin: brands

A

Cipro, Ciloxan

23
Q

Ciprofloxacin: common strengths

A

250mg, 500mg, 750mg

24
Q

Ciprofloxacin: common frequency

A

q12h

25
Q

Ciprofloxacin: indications/use

A

STI, prostatitis, skin and bone infections, pneumonia, complicated UTI, RTI, and abdominal infections

26
Q

Ciprofloxacin: counseling tips and important info

A

-QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction
-Do not take with Ca++, Fe++ within 2 hrs of taking
-Sun sensitivity
-May increase caffeine sensitivity
-Contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy

27
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: brands

A

Bactrim DS

28
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: common strengths

A

800mg(S)/160mg(T)

29
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: common frequency

A

q12h

30
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: indications/use

A

RTI, UTI, HIV-associated infections

31
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: counseling tips and important info

A

-Sun sensitivity
-Take with at least 8 oz water
-Contraindicated if sulfa allergy

32
Q

Nitrofurantoin: brands

A

Macrobid, Macrodantin

33
Q

Nitrofurantoin: common strengths

A

100mg

34
Q

Nitrofurantoin: common frequency

A

q12h

35
Q

Nitrofurantoin: indications/use

A

UTI

36
Q

Nitrofurantoin: counseling tips and important info

A

-orange or brown urine is expected, not cause for concern
-Do not take with Mg++ within 2 hrs of taking
-Take with food or milk to increase absorption

37
Q

Metronidazole: brands

A

Flagyl

38
Q

Metronidazole: common strengths

A

250mg, 500mg

39
Q

Metronidazole: common frequency

A

q6h, q8h, q12h

40
Q

Metronidazole: indications/use

A

abscess, vaginosis, GI tract infections, STI

41
Q

Metronidazole: counseling tips and important info

A

-Contraindicated: alcohol use during therapy and for 3 days following last dose
-Metallic taste in mouth
-Common adverse effect: headache

42
Q

Anti-Fungals

A

Fluconazole

43
Q

Fluconazole: brands

A

Diflucan

44
Q

Fluconazole: common strengths

A

100mg, 150mg, 200mg

45
Q

Fluconazole: common frequency

A

q24h, single dose for vaginitis

46
Q

Fluconazole: indications/use

A

Fungal infections of: mouth (thrush), skin, vagina, HIV-associated

47
Q

Fluconazole: counseling tips and important info

A

-QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interactions
-Report any new skin rashes to prescriber (maculopapular rash)

48
Q

Anti-Virals

A

Valacyclovir

49
Q

Valacyclovir: brands

A

Valtrex

50
Q

Valacyclovir: common strengths

A

500mg, 1 gram

51
Q

Valacyclovir: common frequency

A

q8h, q12h, q24h

52
Q

Valacyclovir: indications/use

A

Herpes viral infections of genitals, cold sores, and shingles

53
Q

Valacyclovir: counseling tips and important info

A

-Common adverse effect: headache
-Does not prevent disease transmission (avoid sex when sores present)
-Drink lots of fluids to prevent accumulation in kidneys

PHRM 822 Spring 2023 (10 decks)

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