Medication Cards Flashcards
Betamethasone (Celstone)
- Best Time to Give?
- Dept its used in
- Greatest benefit accrue if at least 24 hours elapse between initial dose and birth of the preterm infant
- L&D & NICU
Betamethasone (Celstone)
- Class
- Indication
- Action
- Route/Dose
- Corticosteroid
- Acceleration of fetal lung maturity to reduce incidence and severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
- Reduces incidence of intra-ventricular hemorrhage and neonatal death in the preterm infant
- Reduces inflammation of the bronchial tubes and speeds lung development
-IM – 12mg 2 doses 24 hours apart
Betamethasone (Celstone)
- Contraindications
- Who to give it to?
- Active infection
- EX chorioamnionitis - NIH recommends use of corticosteroids for women who have preterm rupture (24-32 weeks) of the membranes
Betamethasone (Celstone)
- Adverse Reactions
- Drug Interaction
FEW S/E if used for short duration
- Increased risk of CD in women who received >4 doses
- Pulmonary edema secondary to sodium and fluid retention - Increased hunger, anxiety and BP
- Hypoglycemia for baby
- Hyperglycemia for mom
- May increase need for insulin and hyperglycemic agents
- Increase risk of adverse reaction from LIVE VIRUS VACCINES
Betamethasone (Celstone)
-Nursing Considerations
- More frequent blood sugar checks in a diabetic because sugar can be elevated while on corticosteroids
- Temporary rise in platelet and WBC levels may last 72 hours
- WBC levels >20,000 may indicate infection - Assess lung sounds / REPORT chest pain or heaviness or dyspnea
Calcium Gluconate (10%) -Class & Indication, ANTIDOTE
- Mineral & electrolyte replacement
- Reverse magnesium toxicity and prevent respiratory arrest if serum levels become high
- ANTIDOTE for magnesium toxicity
Calcium Gluconate
-Route/Dose
- IV – 1-3g may be administered until response occurs
Calcium Gluconate
-Contraindications, S/E
- Hypercalcemia, Renal calculi, Ventricular Fibrillation
Can Cause: - Cardiac arrest, syncope, arrhythmias, headache, C/N/V
Calcium Gluconate
-Drug-Drug Interaction / Assessment
- Concurrent use w/ diuretics (Thiazide) may result in hypercalcemia
- Monitor BP, pulse and ECG frequently
- May cause vasodilation: Hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Classification
- Indication
- Route/Dose
- Prostaglandin/Oxytocic
- Used in combination w/ mifepristone (Mifeprex) for TERMINATION of pregnancy.. CERVICAL RIPENING and LABOR INDUCTION – stop postpartum bleeding
- Not an AUGMENTOR
- PO: 400 mcg single dose 2 days after mifeprex for termination
- Intravaginally: 25 mcg repeat q3-6 hrs if needed
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Usual Use in OB
- Pregnancy Category
- Breastfeeding
- Used for Elective abortion before 7 weeks
- Pregnancy category X
- Passes into breast milk and can cause severe diarrhea in infants
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Contraindications
- Side Effects
- Drug Interaction
- Hypersensitivity to prostaglandins & should not be used to prevent NSAID induced gastric injury due to potential fetal death
- Abdominal pain & diarrhea
- Increased risk of diarrhea w/ magnesium containing antacids
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Nursing Assessment
- Nursing Implications
- Where its Used?
- Monitor Uterine cramping, Fetal HR, and bleeding
- Inform pt that med will cause spontaneous abortion
- They will feel cramping
- If abortion is incomplete surgery may be necessary
- Use contraception for one mentstal cycle following treatment - L&D
Erythromycin Eye Ointment (Ilotycin)
- Classification
- Indication
- Route/Dose
- Antibiotic
- Prophylaxis against the organism NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (Gonorrhea) – NOT FOR syphillis or chlamydia
- Prevents ophthalmia neonatorum in infants of mother with gonorrhea - Ribbon of eye ointment applied to lower conjunctival sac
Erythromycin Eye Ointment (Ilotycin)
- Adverse Reactions
- Where Its Used?
- Burning, itching
- Irritation may result in chemical conjunctivitis lasting 24-48 hrs
- Temporary blurred vision
- L&D, NB
Erythromycin Eye Ointment (Ilotycin)
-Nursing Considerations
- Cleanse infant’s eyes as needed before application
- Hold tube in a horizontal rather than vertical position
- Administer from inner to outer canthus
- Do not touch tip of tube to any part of the eye
- Use new tube for each infant
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
- Class
- Indication
- Dosing/Route
- Opioid analgesics
- Adjunct to epidural analgesia during labor
- Produces CNS depression & decreases pain
- 25-50 mcg IV may be repeated q1hr or PCA
- IV is used during birth
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
- Adverse Reactions
- Contraindications
- Where It’s Used?
- Less Nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression than Demerol
- Hypersensitivity or cross-sensitivity or known intolerance
- LD
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
- Drug-Drug Interactions
- Assessment
- Avoid in pts who have received MAOI’s w/in previous 14 days
- Monitor RR, BP frequently for respiratory depression
- Use Atropine to reverse Respiratory Depression**
HBIG (Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin)
- Classification
- Indication
- Route/Dose
- Vaccine / immune globulins
- Prevents Hepatitis B infection in neonates born to Hepatitis B POSITIVE women by providing passive immunity
- ONLY GIVEN IF MOTHER IS HEP B POSITIVE - IM .5 mL w/in 12 hours of birth (Vastus lateralis for infants)
HBIG (Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin)
- Priority action
- Effects of Hep B in Pregnancy
- Side Effects
- Give the HBIG vaccine w/in 12 hours of birth
- Hep B increase incidence of prematurity, low birth weight, and prenatal death.
- Pain at injection site and local soreness
HBIG (Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin)
- Nursing Assessment
- Nursing Implications
- Where Its Used?
- Monitor infant temp for s/s of infection
- Teach mother to practice good hygiene including hand washing
- baby needs 2nd vaccine in 2 months and 3rd in 6 months
- Household members should be tested and vaccinated - PP, NB
Hemabate (carboprost)
- Classification
- Indication
- Action
- Route/Dose
- Prostaglandin / oxytocics
- Treatment of POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE
- Stimulates contraction of the Uterus
- Can also be used for abortion - IM 250 mcg // Max dose 2 mg
Hemabate (carboprost)
- Side Effects
- Contraindications
- Where Its Used?
- DIARRHEA**, n/v tetanic contractions, uterine rupture
- Contraindicated w/ acute pelvic inflammatory disease, cardiac, pulmonary, renal or hepatic disease
- LD, PP
Hemabate (carboprost)
-Nursing Considerations
- Keep refrigerated
- Give via deep IM and aspirate carefully to avoid IV injection
- Monitor VS
- Administer anti-emetics and antidiarrheals as ordered
Hepatitis B Vaccine (Neonate)
- Vaccine Schedule Look up more info
- Route/Dose
- Where It’s Used?
IM injections (deltoid adults) (Vastus Lateralis kids)
Hepatitis B Vaccine (Neonate)
1. 1st does may be given before discharge or at infants first visit to pediatrician / 2nd dose given at 2 months / 3rd dose at 6 to 18 months
2. NB
Magnesium Sulfate
- Class
- Indication
- Where Its Used?
- Miscellaneous anticonvulsant
- Prevention and control of seizures in severe preeclampsia
&
-Prevention of uterine contractions in preterm labor - LD & PP
Magnesium Sulfate
-Route/Dose
- IV or Deep IM (IM is Painful so not recommended)
2. Loading dose of 4 to 6 g of mag sulfate in 100 mL IV fluid over 15 to 20 minutes. then 2g/hr maintenance dose
Magnesium Sulfate
- Contraindications
- Adverse Reactions
- Contraindicated in persons w/ myocardial damage, heart block. myasthenia gravis, or impaired renal function
- S/E result from magnesium overdose and include flushing, sweating, hypotention, depressed deep tendon reflexes, & CNS depression, including respiratory depression.
Magnesium Sulfate
-Toxicity
- Magnesium toxicity, possibly r/t incomplete renal drug excretion, may be evidenced by thirst, mental confusion, or decrease in reflexes