Medication Administration Flashcards
10 rights
RIGHT: drug - 3 checks dose client - 2 ways time route documentation education right to refuse assessment evaluation
Med Prep consists of:
- checking the MAR
- assess labs/vs/accucheck/allergies
- know action, SE, dose
Meds that can’t be crushed
Tegretol, ER, enteric coated
Meds in the abdomen only
Heparin, Lovenox
Check IV’s for
- correct solution
- correct rate
- will primary bag need to be changed
SBAR
Situation
Background
Assessment
Request
Carrying out a physician’s order involves questioning:
- any order a client questions
- any order if the client’s condition has changed
- verbal orders to avoid miscommunication (record)
- any order that’s illegible, unclear, or incomplete
Carrying out a physician’s order involves questioning:
- any order a client questions
- any order if the client’s condition has changed
- verbal orders to avoid miscommunication (record)
- any order that’s illegible, unclear, or incomplete
pharmacopoeia
book containing a list of products used in medicine with descriptions of the product etc
liniment
med mixed with alcohol, oil or soapy emollient and applied to the skin
tincture
alcohol or water-and-alcohol solution prepared from drugs derived from plants
elexir
sweetened and aromatic solution of alcohol used as vehicle for medicanal agents
aqueous suspension
one or more drugs finely divided ina liquid such as water
aqueous solution
one or more drugs dissolved in water
Who is responsible for med error done by nurse?
nurse and practitioner
therapeutic effect
desired effect, the primary effect intended and reason med is prescribed
adverse effects
more severe side effects that may justify the dc of med
drug toxicity
deleterious effects of a drug on an organism or tissue, resulting from overdosage (ingestion of external meds, buildup of med in blood)
palliative
relieves the symptoms of a disease but does not affect the disease itself MS, ASA
curative
cures a desease or condition, penicillan
supportive med
supports body function until other treatments or the body’s response can take over, ASA for temp
substitutive
replaces body fluids or substances, insulin, thyroxine
chemotherapeutic
destroys malignant cells, bulsulfan for leukemia
restorative
returns the body to health, vitamin
potentiating effect vs inhibiting effect
increasing or decreasing drug effect
synergist effect
occurs when two different drugs increase the action of one or another drug
Idiosyncratic effect
unexpected, unpredictable, unexplainable response to a drug that is individual to that patient
cumulative effect
increasing response to repeated doses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion
drug habituation
mild form of psychological dependence continues habit even though it may be injurious to health
Two types of drug dependence
psychological and physiological
drug half life
time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of the drug to 1/2 what it was at initial concentration (ie. 8 hr t1/2 = 50% at 8 hours, at 16 25%, at 24 12.5%)
onset of action
the time after administration when the body initially responds to med
peak plasma level
highest plasma level achieved by a single dose when the elimination rate of a drug equals the absorption rate
plateau
a maintained concentration of a drug in the plasma during a series of scheduled doses
pharmacodynamics
mechanism of drug action and relationships btwn drug concentration and the body’s responses
receptor
the drugs specific target, usually a protein located on the surface of a cell membrane or within the cell (binding is usually reversible and the action terminated once the drug leaves the receptor)
agonist vs antagonist
drug producing same type of response as the physiological substance and antagonist
inhibits cell function by occupying receptor sites
pharmacokinetics
process by which a drug passes into the bloodstream
biotransformation
detoxification or metabolism, drug is converted to a less active form, most occur in the LIVER
suppository
use non sterile gloves, place beyond the rectum ridge, leave suppository in for 30 minutes before normal defacation time, position in prone, fetal or sim’s position
NEVER use abbreviations:
U IU QD QOD 0 not noted before decimal and at end of decimal MS, MsOG4 < or > drug abbreviation
apothecary cc @ ug (write out mcg) TIW AS AD AU HS SC/SQ D/C
Orders for certain medication expire
after a specified time frame, ie narcotics, antibiotics; they need to be reordered by physician
position client in oral medication
sitting or side lying facilitate swallowing and prevent aspiration
major consequence to polypharmacy is
falls
What do you do when you commit a medication error?
assess
notify doctor
internvention
document inform at shift change
intrathecal
intraspinal - into the spinal canal
