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MV > Medically important yeast > Flashcards

Medically important yeast Flashcards

1
Q

Yeasts produce asexually by ______

A

Budding (blastoconidia formation)

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2
Q

Yeasts produce sexually by _____

A

ascopores / basidiospores

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3
Q

An outpouching of cell wall that becomes tubular and with no constriction

A

Germ tube

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4
Q

Elongate, resemble links of sausage and with cell wall constrictions

A

Pseudohyphae

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5
Q

Best way to identify yeast

A

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)

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6
Q

Most commonly encountered opportunistic fungi

A

Candida spp.

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7
Q

Candida spp. may be recovered from?

A

Oropharynx
GI tract
Genitourinary tract
Skin

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8
Q

It is considered part of the normal oropharyngeal microbiota

A

Candida spp.

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9
Q

Candida infection that surrounds the toe/finger nail

A

Paronychia

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10
Q

Fungal infection of nail and nail bed

A

Onychomycosis

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11
Q

Candida infection in the area where two skin touch/rub

A

Intertriginous candidiasis

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12
Q

Yeast in blood

A

Fungemia / Candidemia

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13
Q

Non-albicans candida that is more common in adults

A

C. glabrata

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14
Q

Common in patients w/ hematologic malignancies

A

C. tropicalis

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15
Q

Primary cause of fungemia and the 2nd most common Candida isolate

A

C. parapsilosis

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16
Q

(True or False): Candida spp. are strongly gram negative

A

False (positive)

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17
Q

Colonies appear starlike or possess feet-like projections

A

C. albicans

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18
Q

C. glabrata ferments and assimilates ______ & ______

A

Glucose & Trehalose

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19
Q

C. tropicalis ferments and assimilates _____ & _____

A

Sucrose & Maltose

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20
Q

It is well recognized in patients w/ AIDS

A

Cryptococcal Meningitis

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21
Q

The capsule that helps C. neoformans survive passage thru pigeon gut

A

Polysaccharide capsule

22
Q

(True or False): The degree of infection depends on the variant from the yeast

A

False (depends on host immune status)

23
Q

It acts as a virulence factor by making the organism resistant to leukocyte attack

A

Phenoloxidase

24
Q

The most widely used method for the rapid detection of C. neoformans

A

India ink preparation

25
Q

6 medically important yeasts

A 
Candida spp.
Cryptococcus spp.
Malassezia sp.
Rhodotorula spp.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Trichosporon spp.
26
Q

How many days does C. neoformans appear on culture media?

A

1-5 days

27
Q

C. neoformans appears what color on niger seed agar

A

Brown

28
Q

C. neoformans appears what color on inhibitory mold agar

A

Golden yellow

29
Q

A skin infection characterized by superficial, brownish scaly areas

A

Tinea versicolor

30
Q

It causes tinea versicolor

A

Malassezia furfur

31
Q

The morphology of M. furfur is commonly described as?

A

Spaghetti and meatballs

32
Q

It is recognized as oval or bottle-shaped cells that exhibit monopolar budding

A

Malassezia furfur

33
Q

Agar medium for the cultivation of Malassezia furfur is overlaid with a long fatty chain acid or ____

A

Olive oil

34
Q

A normal resident microbiota of human skin

A

Rhodotorula spp.

35
Q

Rhodotorula spp. resembles what opportunistic fungi

A

Cryptococcus spp.

36
Q

Typically recovered from moist environmental sources

A

Rhodotorula spp.

37
Q

Color of Rhodotorula spp. colonies on SDA

A

Orange/red

38
Q

Common yeast used in baking and a variety of food products

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

39
Q

Trichosporon organisms are recovered occasionally from?

A

Respiratory tract secretion
Skin
Oropharynx
Stool

40
Q

It is characterized by soft, yellow or pale brown aggregations around hair shafts

A

White piedra

41
Q

It causes white piedra

A

Trichosporon spp.

42
Q

It is the most commonly accepted and economical method used to identify yeast

A

Germ tube test

43
Q

Pseudohyphae / hyphae is rarely seen on what yeast?

A

Cryptococcus spp.

44
Q

A Chlamydoconidia is present on the hyphae of what yeast?

A

Candida albicans

45
Q

A Rudimentary hyphae is sometimes present on what yeast?

A

Saccharomyces spp.

46
Q

(True or False): 1-5 days of incubation is required for Rapid urease test

A

False (1-2 days)

47
Q

Useful in screening urease producing yeast

A

Rapid urease test

48
Q

Used as presumptive identification of C. glabrata

A

Rapid trehalose test

49
Q

Used a presumptive identification of C. neoformans

A

Rapid selective urease test

50
Q

3 methods used before final identification of C. neoformans

A

Cornmeal agar morphology
Carbohydrate utilization
Phenoloxidase detection (using Niger seed agar)

51
Q

(True or False): C. neoformans readily produce phenoloxidase

A

True

52
Q

Most common used conventional method for definitive identification of yeasts

A

Carbohydrate utilization

MV (5 decks)

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