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Medical Terminology > Medical terms Chp 2 (1/4) > Flashcards

Medical terms Chp 2 (1/4) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

A

Process of combining sperm and egg in a laboratory dish and placing the resulting embryos inside the uterus.

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2
Q

hormone

A

Chemical formed in one tissue or organ and carried by the blood to stimulate or inhibit a function of another tissue or organ.

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3
Q

Ovary

A

One of the paired female egg-producing glands. Plural ovaries.

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4
Q

Sperm

A

Mature male sex cell. Also called spermatozoon.

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5
Q

fertilization

A

Union of a male sperm and a female egg.

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6
Q

blastocyst

A

First 2 weeks of the developing embryo.

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7
Q

Zygote

A

single cell

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8
Q

CMA

A

Certified medical assistant

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9
Q

organ

A

Structure with specific functions in a body system.

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10
Q

tissue

A

Collection of similar cells.

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11
Q

Cell

A

The smallest unit of the body capable of independent existence.

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12
Q

organelle

A

Part of a cell having specialized function(s).

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13
Q

molecule

A

Very small particle.

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14
Q

conception

A

Fertilization of the egg by sperm to form a zygote.

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15
Q

Organ systems are composed of

A

Organs

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16
Q

Organs are composed of

A

tissue

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17
Q

Tissues are composed of

A

cells

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18
Q

cells are composed of

A

organelles

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19
Q

Organelles are composed of

A

molecules

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20
Q

molecules are composed of

A

atoms

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21
Q

cytology

A

study of the cell

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22
Q

cyt/o (R/CF)

A

cell

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23
Q

fertiliz

A

to make fruitful

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24
Q

-elle (s)

A

small

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25
Q

-ism (r)

A

condition, process

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26
Q

Protein

A

Class of food substances based on amino acids.

27
Q

lipid

A

General term for all types of fatty compounds; for example, cholesterol, triglycerides, and fatty acids.

28
Q

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

A

Source of hereditary characteristics found in chromosomes.

29
Q

cytoplasm

A

Clear, gelatinous substance that forms the substance of a cell except for the nucleus.

30
Q

membrane

A

Thin layer of tissue covering a structure or cavity.

31
Q

electrolyte

A

Substance that, when dissolved in a suitable medium, forms electrically charged particles.

32
Q

all cells contain a fluid called

A

cytoplasm

33
Q

a cells basic life function

A

manufacture protein and lipids, production, use of energy, communication, replication and reproduction

34
Q

what is a cell membrane made of

A

protein and lipids

35
Q

what does the cell membrane allow through

A

water, oxygen, glucose, electrolytes, steroids, and alcohol

36
Q

what is outside the cell membrane

A

receptors allowing communication between cells

37
Q

where are organelles found

A

in the cell cytoplasm

38
Q

nucleus

A

Functional center of a cell or structure. (largest organelle)

39
Q

chromosome

A

Body in the nucleus that contains DNA and genes. (46)

40
Q

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

A

Information carrier from DNA in the nucleus to an organelle to produce protein molecules.

41
Q

catabolism

A

Breakdown of complex substances into simpler ones as a part of metabolism.

42
Q

what is the procces called when the mitochodria produces energy by breaking down glucose and fat

A

catabolism

43
Q

metabolism

A

The constantly changing physical and chemical processes occurring in the cell that are the sum of anabolism and catabolism.

44
Q

intracellular

A

Within the cell

45
Q

what does the endoplasmic reticulum do

A

it makes steroids, cholesterol, and other lipids and proteins. it also detoxifies alcohol and other drugs

46
Q

anabol(r)

A

build up

47
Q

catabol(r)

A

break down

48
Q

-some (s)

A

body

49
Q

chrom/o (r/cf)

A

color

50
Q

-plasm(s)

A

something formed

51
Q

-lyte (s)

A

soluble

52
Q

-ar -al (s)

A

pertaining to

53
Q

intra (p)

A

within

54
Q

-cellul (r)

A

small cell

55
Q

-ia (s)

A

condition

56
Q

metalbol (r)

A

change

57
Q

mit/o (r/cf)

A

thread

58
Q

-chondr(r)

A

granule

59
Q

-ion (s)

A

condition

60
Q

-lus (s)

A

small

61
Q

-ar (s)

A

pertaining to

62
Q

ribo- (p)

A

a sugar

63
Q
A

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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