Medical Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Sclero-
A
Hard or hardening of
Example: arteriosclerosis- hardening of the arteries
2
Q
-rrhexis
A
Sudden rupture of an organ or vessel
Example: enterorrhexis- rupture of intestines
Nephorrhexis- bursting of kidney
3
Q
Lyso-, -lysis
A
Loosening, breaking down, dissolving
Example: hemolysis- breaking down of blood vessels
4
Q
-oid
A
Like or resembling
Example: fibroid tumor- tumor resembling fibers
5
Q
-penia
A
-decrease, deficient number
Example: erythropenia- red blood cell deficiency
6
Q
-pathy, patho-
A
Referring to disease
Example: myopathy- disease of the muscle
7
Q
-ia, -iasis
A
State or condition of, formation of, presence of
Example: bradycardia- presence or condition of a slow heart rate
8
Q
-rrhage
A
Excessive flow or discharge
Example: hemorrhage- excessive flow of blood
9
Q
Trans-
A
Across, over
Example: transection- incision across the long axis
10
Q
-algia
A
Pain
Example: neuralgia- pain along one or more nerves
myalgia- muscle pain
11
Q
-cele
A
- protrusion, tumor, swelling
- often used as “hernia”
Example: gastrocele- herniarían of the stomach
myelocele- herniation/protrusion of the spinal cord
12
Q
Ex(o)-, ec-
A
To remove, out of
Example: excise- to cut
13
Q
Ob-, oc-
A
Against, in front of, closed
Example: malocclusion- bad closing off
14
Q
Infra-
A
Beneath
Example: infracostal- beneath the ribs
15
Q
Ambi-, amb-
A
Both
Example: ambidextrous- both hands
16
Q
Hetero-
A
Opposite
17
Q
Homo-
A
Same
18
Q
/S
A
Without
19
Q
Hyper-
A
Too much, excessive, above
Example: hyperventilating- excessive breathing
20
Q
q, qh, q12h
A
Every, every hour, every 12 hours
21
Q
Bid, tid, qid
A
Two times per day, three times per day, four times per day
22
Q
Rx
A
Prescription or treatment
23
Q
PRN
A
As needed, as necessary
24
Q
-oma
A
Mass, tumor, or swelling
Example: hematoma- mass of blood
25
-ology
The study of
26
-genesis
Beginning of, origin
27
npo
Nothing by mouth
28
npo8pm
Nothing by mouth after 8pm
29
FFL
Force fluid
30
vs
Vital signs
31
-scope
Any instrument used to view
32
ab-
Away from
Example: abnormal- away from normal
33
ad-
Toward
34
dis-
Away from
35
a-, an-
Not, without
Example: asexual- not sexual
36
Hypo-
Too little, insufficient, under
Example: hypothermia- insufficient body temperature
37
tri-, bi-, tetra-
3,2,4
38
Pre-, post-
Before, after
39
Poly-, mono-
Many, one
40
Peri-
Around
Example: pericardium- membrane surrounding the heart
41
Extra-
Outside of
Example: extracellular- outside the cell
42
Inter-
Between
Example: intercostal- between the ribs
43
Retro-
Behind
Example: retrosternum- behind the sternum
44
Intra-
Within
Example: intravenous- within the veins
45
De-
Down, from, away from
Example: dehydration- away from hydration
46
Co-, con-
With, together
47
Dys-
Painful or difficult
Example: dystrophy- painful development
48
-ana
Excessive, upward
49
Epi-
Upon, after, in addition to
Example: epidural- above the dura
50
Cyte-, cyto-
Pertaining to the cell
51
S.C., S.Q., SubQ
Subcutaneously- under the skin and into the adipose (fat) tissue
52
Qod
Every other day
53
Qd
Every day
54
Stat
Immediately
55
Gtt, gtts
Drop, drops
56
PC
After food or meals
57
AC
Before meals
58
Bx
Biopsy
59
Dx
Diagnosis
60
BP
Blood pressure
61
TPR
Temperature, pulse, respirations
62
RR
Recovery room
63
R/O
Rule out
64
OR
Operating room
65
pt
Patient
66
DC
Discontinue
67
CA
Cancer
68
/SS
One half
69
h.s.
At bedtime or hour of sleep
70
/P
After
71
Super-, supra-
Above, beyond, superior
72
Syn-, sym-
With, along, together
Example: symptom- signs with a disease
73
Para-
Beside, beyond
74
C
With
75
-emesis
Vomiting
76
-trophy
Growth or development
Example: dystrophy- painful growth or development
77
-osis
Condition of
78
-itis
Inflammation of
Example: meningitis- inflammation of the meninges
79
BR c BRP
Bed rest with bathroom privileges
80
anti-, contra-
Against, counter
81
BR
Bed rest
82
-phasi(a)
Speech
Example: aphasia- without speech
83
Sub-
Beneath, below
Example: subdural- below the dura
84
Mal-
Improper, bad, insufficient, harmful
85
-ectomy
Removal of, to cut out
Example: appendectomy- removal of the appendix
86
Endo-
Within, inside
Example: endocarditis- inflammation of the inside of the lining of the heart
87
Mega-, megalo-
Unusually large or oversized
Example: megalocephaly- unusually large head
88
Macro-
Large
89
-optic
Referring to the eye
90
Alb-, leuk(o)-
White
Example: albumin- white colored protein
Leukemia- cancer of the white blood cells
Leukocyte- white blood cell
91
Semi-
Half or partly
Example: semiconscious
92
Per-
Through
Example: percutaneous- through the skin
93
Cysto-, cyst-
Fluid filled sac or bladder
94
-ectasis
Expansion, dilation
Example: bronchiectasis- dilation of the bronchi
95
-ptosis
Falling, downward displacement
Example:
Nephroptosis- downward displacement of the kidney
Blepheroptosis- drooping eyelids
96
-malacia
Softening
Example: osteomalacia- softening of the bone
97
-spasm
Involuntary contractions
Example: eneterospasm- involuntary contraction of the intestine
98
Dil
Dilute
99
Bib
Drink
100
I.M.
Intramuscularly
101
Aq
Water
102
-desis
Binding fixation
Example: arthrodesis- surgical fixation of a joint
103
-centesis
Surgical procedure with a needle to withdraw
Example:
thoracentesis- chest puncture to withdraw fluid
Amniocentesis- puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw fluid
104
-oscopy
Surgical viewing of something
Example: cystoscopy- viewing of the bladder
105
-otomy
Surgical incision
106
-tome
To cut
Example:
Thoracotomy- incision or cut in the chest
Microtome- instrument to cut thin sections
107
-rrhaphy
- Joining in a seam
- suture
Example: herniorrhaphy- joining the seam of a hernia or suturing a hernia
108
-sect
To cut
Example: dissect- to cut apart
109
-plasty
- surgical correction
- plastic repair
Example:
Arthroplasty- reconstruction
Rhinoplasty- plastic repair or reconstruction of the nose
110
-pexy
Suspension, fixation
Example:
Hysteropexy- suspension or fixation of the uterus
Nephropexy- fixation or suspension of the kidney
111
-ostomy
Artificial opening or mouth
Example:
Colonostomy- artificial opening made in the colon
Tracheostomy- artificial opening in the trachea
112
-form
Shape
Example: deformed- not normal shape
113
-gram, -graph
Written record
Example:
Electrocardiogram- written record of the activity of the heart
Electroencephalogram- record of the electrical activity of the brain
114
-tripsy
-surgical crushing of, or crushing
Example:
Cholecystolithotripsy- crushing of stones in the gall bladder
Nephrolithotripsy- crushing of kidney stones
115
Myo-
Muscle
| Ex: myalgia- muscle pain
116
Osteo-
Bone
117
Arthro-
Joint
118
Chondro-
Cartilage
119
Etiology
Study of the origin of disease
120
Myelo-
Bone marrow
121
Cerv(i)-, cervic(o), cervical
Neck
122
Cranio-
Skull
123
Bursa-
Fluid filled sac between the joints filled with synovial fluid.
124
Synovial fluid
Lubricating fluid in or surrounding the bursa.
125
-blast
Embryonic stage of development (immature cell).
126
-clast
To break
| Ex: osteoclast- cells that break and reabsorb bone.
127
Poro-
Porous, passage full of bones
128
Tempo-
Temples
129
Phago, phage
To eat
| Ex: macrophage- WBC that eats or engulfs other cells
130
Phang(ia), phalang(o)
Bones of the toes or fingers
131
Podo, pod, podium
Related to the foot
| Ex: Pseudopod- false foot
132
-poesis
Formation or production of
| Ex: osteopoesis or hematopoesis
133
Cancello, cancellous, cancellus
Lattice of tissue, porous, spongy. Found in the interior of the bones
134
Canalicul(o), canalicul(i)
Small channel or tube as seen in the haversian canaliculi (outermost region of bone) through osseous tissue (dense bone tissue).
135
Lamell(o), lamell(a)
Small plate, one of a series of circular layers arranged around the central Haversian canal in an osteum
136
Stern(o)
Sternum
137
Spondyl(o)
Spinal column
| Ex: spondylosyndesis- spinal fusion or surgical binding of the vertebrae.
138
Ili(o)
Ilium or top crest of oscoxae or hip bone
139
Cost(o)
Rib
140
Chiro, cheiro
Hand
141
PT
Tests for plasma coagulation time to test for defects.
| Normal time is 12.5 seconds.
142
HCT
Hematocrit, measure of total volume of RBCs compared to the total volume of the blood sample.
143
ABG
Arterial blood gas
144
H&E
Hematoxylin and eosin stain
145
cc
Cubic centimeter= 1 millimeter
146
Hemo-, hemato-
Blood
147
WBC (lab)-
White blood cell count
148
diff-
Differential, examines and counts white blood cells. The different types of WBCs are identified and reported as a percent of the total examined.
149
ABO
3 basic groups of blood
150
CBC
Complete blood cell count, test to determine the number of RBCs and WBCs per ml of blood.
151
BUN
Blood urea nitrogen
152
Vasculo-, Angio-
Pertaining to blood vessels
153
Arterio-
Pertaining to arteries
154
Hemostat
Instrument used to constrict a blood vessel to stop flow of blood.
155
Thromb(o)-
Of or pertaining to a clot, clotting.
156
Pleb(o)-
Veins
157
Coagul(o)-, Coagulare-
Clumping or clotting
158
-emia
Blood
159
Sangui-
Blood
160
RBC
Red blood cell count
161
Hb, Hgb
Hemoglobin
162
LDL
Low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol)
163
HDL
High density lipoprotein (good cholesterol)
164
-stasis
Stopping, standing still
165
-ecta, -ectasis
Dilation, expansion
166
Veni, veno-
Vein
167
ESR, Sed Rate
1. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
2. Measures the distance RBCs fall to the bottom of a glass tube over a certain period of time.
3. Average 0-20 mm/hr for females, 0-15 mm/hr for males
4. Low ESR could indicate certain types of heart disease, anemia, liver disease. High ESR could indicate leukemia, certain cancers, arthritis, or viral hepatitis.
168
ECG/EKG
Electrocardiogram- recording of the electrical activity of the heart.
169
Myo-
Muscle
170
Cardio-
Heart
171
Corona-
Crown/coronary- Arteries surrounding the heart. Left and Right Coronary Arteries branch off the aorta.
172
Atrium, atria
Upper chambers of the heart.
173
Ventricles
Lower chambers of the heart.
174
Sulcus
Shallow groove or depression
175
Sinus
Cavity or channel
176
Fossa
Hollow or depression
177
Foramen
Opening or hole
178
Septum
Partition or wall
179
Auricle
Found in cardiac atrium
180
RRR
Regular rate and rhythm
181
SA
Sino atrial
182
VT
Ventricular tachycardia
183
BPM
Beats per minute
184
HR
Heart rate
185
VF
Ventricular fibrillation
186
CVD
Cardiovascular disease
187
-pnea
Breathing
188
hepat-
Liver
189
Nephr-
Kidney
190
psych-
Mind
191
-al
Pertaining to
192
-ic
Pertaining to
193
gastr-
Stomach
194
dipl-
Two, double
195
null-
None
196
primi-
First
197
multi-
Many
198
ambi-
Both
199
Cyan(o)-
Blue
200
Cirrh(o)-
Yellow/orange
201
Melan/o-
Black
202
Poli/o
Gray
203
Chlor/o-
Green
204
Circum-
Around,about
205
Bilateral
Appearing on both sides of the midline.
206
Acou(o), acoust(o)
Hear
207
Aden(o)
Gland
208
Adip(o), ather(o)
Fat
209
Andr(o)
Male
210
Ankyl(o)
Fused, stiff
211
Asthen(o)
Weak
212
Atel(o)
Incomplete
213
Aur(o)
Ear
214
brachi(o)
Arm
215
Carcin(o)
Cancer
216
Bucc(o)
Cheek
217
Cerebr(o)
Brain, cerebrum
218
Chol(e)
Bile
219
Colp/o
Vagina
220
Cleid/o
Clavicle
221
crin/o
To secrete
222
Cubitus
Elbow
223
Ede-
Swelling
224
Embel/o
A plug
225
esthesi
Sensation or perception
226
febr-
Fever
227
idi/o
Person, self
228
lingu/o
Tongue
229
ov/o
Egg
230
pharyng/o
Throat
231
photo-
Light
232
pleur/o-
Rib, side
233
pneum(at)/o-
Lungs, air
234
Pneumo(n)/o
Lung
235
ren/o
Kidney
236
rhin/o
Nose
237
sect/o
Cut
238
sept/o
Wall, divider
239
trich/o
Hair
240
varic/o
Dilated vein
241
ipsi-
Same
242
iso-
Equal
243
meta-
After, change
244
olig(o)
Little, deficient
245
ortho-
Straight, normal
246
-emia
Pertaining to the presence of a substance in the blood
247
-genic
Causing
248
-plegia
Paralysis
