Medical Science

Question 1

what is a cell

Answer 1

The basic unit of life

Question 2

What is a tissue

Answer 2

A group of cells make up a tissue.

Question 2

what is an organ

Answer 2

Tissues work together to make up organs.

Question 3

how many organs do we have

Answer 3

79

Question 4

what is the largest organ

Answer 4

skin

Question 5

what is the smallest organ

Answer 5

pineal gland

Question 6

what is the aerobic respiration formula

Answer 6

Glucose(Fuel) + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy(ATP)

Question 6

what is respiration

Answer 6

process by which cells release the energy they need for their life processes

Question 6

what is energy (in Bio)

Answer 6

our cells convert chemical potential energy in food into cellular energy

Question 7

what is Aerobic respiration

Answer 7

A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars)

Question 8

what is Anaerobic respiration

Answer 8

the type of respiration through which cells can break down sugars to generate energy in the absence of oxygen

Question 9

what is the anaerobic respiration formula

Answer 9

Glucose —> lactic acid + small amount of energy (ATP)

Question 10

what is diffusion

Answer 10

Spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. it requires no energy

Question 11

what is Breathing

Answer 11

the physical process where we inhale air into our lungs and exhale it out of our lungs

Question 11

what happens during Breathing out

Answer 11

• intercostal muscles relax
• the diaphragm relaxes
  lung volume decrease = high pressure

Question 12

what happens during Breathing In

Answer 12

• intercostal muscles contract
• the diaphragm contacts
  lungs increase in size so the air pressure inside falls

Question 13

what is Gas exchange

Answer 13

the process of taking in oxygen and getting rid of carbon dioxide in the alveoli.

Question 14

what is the gas exchange formula

Answer 14

glucose + oxygen –> co2 + water + energy

Question 15

why is tar dangerous

Answer 15

tar damages your alevoli and it is makes it difficult for oxygen to get from your lungs to you blood then your cells.

Question 15

what are the steps of gas exchange

Answer 15

1. oxygen diffused from alveoli to blood
2. blood carries oxygen to the cells
3. oxygen diffuses from blood into the cells where it is used for respiration
4. then carbon dioxide travels back from cells –> blood –> alveoli where we exhale it.

Question 16

why is nicotine bad for you

Answer 16

It is an addictive substance. your brauin releases chemicals that make you feel good. the addiction is hard to stop as the.nicotine to make your brain release those chemicals

Question 17

what is a carcinogen

Answer 17

cigarettes contain chemicals (carcinogen) that cause cancer

Question 18

what is the circulatory system made of

Answer 18

• Pump (heart)
• Tubes ( veins)

Question 19

what does the circulatory system do

Answer 19

transports blood around the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to organs .Removes carbon dioxide and waste products from organs.

Question 20

what are the chambers of the heart

Answer 20

• Right atrium
• Right ventricle
• Left atrium
• Left ventricle

Question 21

what is the function of the right atrium

Answer 21

deoxygenated blood from the body enters here. the blood is under low pressure

Question 22

what is the function of the left atrium

Answer 22

Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters left atrium. the blood is still under low pressure

Question 22

what is the function of the right ventricle

Answer 22

Blood passes into the right ventricle, which contracts to pump blood to the pulminary arteries in the lungs where the blood is oxygenated.

Question 23

what is the function of the left ventricle

Answer 23

Oxygenated blood enters the large left ventricle which contract very hard to push blood into the aorta(artery). the left ventricle is very thick and generates a high pressure to pump blood around the body.

Question 24

What are the parts of the heart

Answer 24

• pulmenary artery
• plumenary vein
• aorta
• Vena cava ( superior and inferior)
• pulmenary valve
• aortic valve

Question 25

What is a capillarie

Answer 25

Transport blood, nutrients and oxygen to cells in your organs and body systems.

Question 26

description of a capillarie

Answer 26

• very small lumen
• a wall made out of single layer of cell

Question 27

What is an Artery

Answer 27

are the blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood from your heart to all of your body’s cells.

Question 28

description of arteries

Answer 28

small lumen
- thick outer wall
- thick layer of muscle

Question 29

what is a vein

Answer 29

Blood vessels located throughout your body collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart.

Question 30

description of vein

Answer 30

• valve
• the fairly thin outer wall
  -a thin layer of muscle
• large lumen
• smooth lining

Question 31

what are the 4 components of Blood

Answer 31

1. Plasma
2. Platelets
3. Red blood cells
4. white blood cells

Question 32

what are Red blood cells

Answer 32

• transports blood around the body
• doughnut shape
• have a nucleas and large surface area to absorb more oxygen

Question 33

what are white blood cells

Answer 33

• help protect the body from infections
• produce antibodies to kill pathogens
• white blood cells have a nucleus

Question 34

what is Plasma

Answer 34

• carries substances around the body (carbon dioxide, waste products and nutrients)

Question 35

what is Platelets

Answer 35

• helps form clots when there is a wound
• if someone doesn’t have platelets they can’t clot blood so you bleed or bruise easily.