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SCIENCE > Electricity and magnetism > Flashcards

Electricity and magnetism Flashcards

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1
Q

what is electrical energy

A
  • type of kinetic energy
  • produced by charged particles
  • highly convienient
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2
Q

what is electricity

A

electricity is the movement of particles from negative to positive

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3
Q

what is static electrcity

A

imbalance of electrical charges that build up on the surface of an object

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4
Q

what is current electricity

A

flow of electrons through an electrical conductor

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5
Q

what is a conductor

A

material where some electrons are free to move and can flow in an electric current

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6
Q

what is an insulator

A

material where electrons are tightly held and cannot move so electric current cant flow

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7
Q

what is an electrical circuit

A

electrical circuit is a path for electrical charge to flow through

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7
Q

what does static electricity do

A

builds up when two insulating materials are rubbed together like plastic comb and hair.

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8
Q

what is a series circuit

A

one pathway for electrons to flow

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9
Q

what do circuits need

A
  • energy supply (cell or battery of cells)
  • component to transfer electrical energy into another form (bulb)
  • complete unbroken pathway fro electrons to flow (copper wires)
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10
Q

what are the components of a circuit

A
  • cell
  • battery
  • wire
  • switch
  • bulb
  • ammeter
  • voltmeter
  • resistor
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11
Q

what is a parallel circuit

A

more than one pathway for electrons to flow

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12
Q

what is current

A

current is a measure of flow of electrical charge in circuits

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13
Q

what is current measured in

A

measured in Amps (A) using an ammeter

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14
Q

what is electron flow

A

charge carried by electrons from the negatice terminal to the positive terminal

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15
Q

what is current in series

A

te current is the same in all parts of a series circuit

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16
Q

what is current in parallel

A

current is shared in parallel

17
Q

what is voltage

A

amount of energy provided to electrons that flow through the circuit (push required to move electrons)

18
Q

what is voltage measured in

A

measured in Volt (v) using voltmeter

19
Q

what is voltage in series

A

in series voltage is shared

20
Q

what is voltage in parallel

A

in parallel circuit voltage is the same

21
Q

what is Power

A

how much energy is transferred from one form to another in a one second

22
Q

what is power measured in

A

measured in Watts (W)

23
Q

how to calculate power

A

Power=work/time
or
power = voltage x amps

24
Q

what is cost of energy measured in

A

measured in kilowatt-hours

25
Q

how to calculate cost of energy

A

power rating in KW x time in hours = total amount of energy used
(KW x hours=kwh

26
Q

how to calculate cost of electricity

A

total Kwh x price of one KwH = total cost
(cost = KwH x $/kwH)

27
Q

what is resistance

A

measure of how easy it is for current to flow in a circuit

28
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

measured in ohms

29
Q

what are magnetic materials

A

Iron, cobalt and nickel

30
Q

what are magentic attractions for opposite and like poles

A
  • opposites attract
  • like repel
31
Q

what is inside a magnet

A

small regions called domains that line up the same way.

32
Q

what do domains do

A

give magnets magnetic polarity

33
Q

What is magnetic strength measured in

A

measured in Tesla (T)

34
Q

how do you make a magnet

A
  1. collect a magnet and pin
  2. rub the pin with a magnet in ONE direction
  3. use a pin to pick up paper clips
35
Q

How do you test magnet strength

A

test how many paper clips the magnet can lift from a surface.

36
Q

what is static electricity used for

A

photocopiers or air filters

37
Q

why is static electricity dangerous

A

becacaue you can get an electric shock due to the flow of current through the body,

38
Q

what do you do in an electrical accident

A
  • dont touch the injured person if they are still in contact with a live source of electricity.
  • Switch the power off, either at the source or at the main power switch.
  • Phone for an ambulance immediately, dial 111.
38
Q

Law of Conservation of Charge

A

the net charge of an isolated system will always remain constant.

39
Q

how do you make an electromagnet

A

wrapping a wire around an iron nail and running current through the wire. Connect to battery

SCIENCE (7 decks)

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