Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RD Exam > Medical Nutrition Therapy > Flashcards

Medical Nutrition Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

ULCER

A

DIET:
AS TOLERATED
WELL-BALLANCED

AVOID: LATE NIGHT SNACKS, CAFFEINE, ALCOHOL, CAYENNE, BLACK PEPPER, CHILI POWDER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

HIATAL HERNIA

A

SMALL, BLAND MEALS

AVOID: LATE NIGHT SNACKS, CAFFEINE, CHILI POWDER, BLACK PEPPER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

DUMPING SYNDROME

A 
FREQUENT, SMALL, DRY MEALS
FLUIDS BEFORE OR AFTER MEALS
AVOID: CONCENTRATED SWEETS
50-60% COMPLEX CHO
PROTEIN AT EVERY MEAL
MODERATE FAT
B12 INJENCTIONS POSSIBLE
LATOSE INTOLERANCE POSSIBLE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GASTROPARESIS

A

SMALL FREQUENT MEALS
PUREED FOODS

AVOID: HIGH FIBER AND FAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TROPICAL SPRUE

BACTERIAL, VIRAL, OR PARASITIC INFECTION

A

DIET: HIGH CALORIES, HIGH PROTEIN

FOLATE SUPPLEMENTS AND IM B12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

NON-TROPICAL SPRUE - CELIAC DISEASE

A

GLUTEN-RESTRICTED DIET- NO WHEAT, RYE, BARLEY, OATS, BRAN, BULGUR, GRAHAM, MALT, COUSCOUS, ORZO, THICKENING AGENTS

OK: CORN, POTATO, RICE, SOYBEAN, FLAX, TAPIOCA, GUAR GUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

DIVERTICULAR DISEASE

A

DIET: HIGH FIBER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

DIVERTICULITIS

A

DIET: LOW-RESIDUE, CLEAR LIQUIDS, GRADUALLY ADDING FIBER BACK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GASTRITIS

A

CLEAR LIQUIDS, ADVANCE AS TOLERATED.

AVOID GASTRIC PROBLEM FOODS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

IBD- CROHN’S DISEASE

A

ACUTE CROHN’S FLARE-UPS- BOWEL REST, TPN OR VERY LOW RESIDUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

IBD- ULCERATIVE COLITIS

A

ACUTE: ELEMENTAL DIET, LOW RESIDUE

ENERGY NEEDS ACCORDING BMI
FAT LIMITATION ONLY WITH STEATORRHEA
WATER AND FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS- IRON, FOLATE
MCT OIL
WATCH LACTOSE
FREQUENT FEEDINGS
IF TOLERATED HIGH FAT MAY IMPROVE ENERGY BALANCE

IN REMISSION: HIGH FIBER TO IMPROVE PERISTALSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

IBS

A

ADEQUATE NUTRIENT INTAKE
NO LARGE MEALS, EXCESS CAFFEINE ALCOHOL, SUGARS

IDENTIFY TRIGGER FOODS T

REDUCE STRESS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

LACTOSE INTOLERANCE

A

DIET: LACTOSE-FREE, NO MILK OR DAIRY PRODUCTS, NO WHEY
RECOMMEND: CALCIUM AND RIBOFLAVIN

YOGURT AND SMALL AMOUNTS OF AGED CHEESE CAN BE TOLERATED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

DIARRHEA IN INFANTS

A
  1. IMMEDIATE, AGGRESSIVE REHYDRATION- GLUCOSE ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION.
  2. ORAL INTAKE WITHIN 24 HRS.
  3. 40% OF CALORIES FROM FAT
  4. LIMITED FLUIDS
  5. RESTRICT/DILUTE FRUIT JUICES
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DIARRHEA IN ADULTS

A
  1. BOWEL REST
  2. REPLACE FLUIDS
  3. WHEN DIARRHEA STOPS- LOW FIBER, PROTEIN MEALS, NO NEED FOR LIMITING FAT
  4. AVOID LACTOSE IN THE BEGINNING
  5. ENCOURAGE FOODS/SUPPLEMENTS WITH PREBIOTICS- PECTIN, FRUCTOSE, OATS, BANANA FLAKES
  6. PROBIOTICS TO RE-ESTABLISH GUT FLORA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

STEATORRHEA

A
  1. DUE TO MALABSORPTION
  2. > 7 G FAT- MALABSORPTION
  3. DIET: HIGH PROTEIN, HIGH COMPLEX CHO, FAT AS TOLERTED
  4. VITAMINS-ESPECIALLY FAT SOLUBLE
  5. MCT
  6. MINERALS
17
Q

SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME

A
  1. TPN INITIALLY
  2. START EN EARLY, GRADUALLY INCREASE, CONTINUOUS DRIP
  3. WEEKS OR MONTHS BEFORE TRANSITION TO FOOD

JEJUNAL RESECTION

  1. NORMAL CHO, PROTEIN AND FAT
  2. AVOID LACTOSE AND OXALATES
  3. RESTRICT CONCENTRATED SWEETS
  4. VITAMINS AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS

ILEAL RESECTION

  1. LIMIT FAT-MCT BETTER
  2. FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS SUPPLEMENTATION, CA, MG, ZN
  3. PARENTERAL B12, MONTHLY INJECTIONS AFTER THAT
18
Q

LIVER LABS

A

ALP- 30-120 U/L- INCREASED IN LIVER AND BONE DISEASE
AST- 0-35 U/L- INCREASED IN HEPATITIS
ALT- 4-36 U/L- INCREASED IN LIVER DISEASE

19
Q

ACUTE HEPATITIS

A
  1. INCREASED FUIDS
  2. 50-55% CHO
  3. 1-1.2 G PRO/KG- HELP CONVERT FAT TO LIPOPROTEINS FOR REMOVAL FROM THE LIVER
  4. LIMIT FAT IN CASE OF STEATORRHEA
  5. MODERATE TO LIBERAL FAT
  6. SMALL, FREQUENT FEEDINGS
  7. ENCOURAGE COFFEE- ANTIOXIDANT
  8. B COMPLEX, C, K, ZN
20
Q

CIRRHOSIS

A
  1. HIGH PROTEIN- .8-1 G/KG; 1.5 G WITH STRESS
  2. HIGH CALORIE- 25-35 KCAL/KG DRY WEIGHT
  3. MODERATE TO LOW FAT- 25-40 % OF TOTAL CALORIES
  4. MCT
  5. < 40 G IN CASE OF MALABSORPTION
  6. OMEGA-3
  7. LOW FIBER WITH VARICES
  8. LOW SODIUM FOR EDEMA, ASCITES
    9 WITH HYPONATREMIA- 1-1.5 L/DAY FLUID RESTRICTION, MODERATE NA INTAKE
  9. B COMPLEX, C, K, ZN, MG, MAY NEED A AND D
21
Q

HEPATIC FAILURE

A

NOT COMATOSE

  1. MODERATE TO HIGH PROTEIN UP TO 1-1.5 G/KG
  2. 30-35 CALORIES/KG
  3. 30-35 % FAT; MCT IF NEEDED
  4. LOW NA FOR ASCITES
  5. VITAMIN/MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS
  6. MAY BENEFIT FROM BCAA
22
Q

NAFLD

A

LIFESTYLE CHANGES:
1.GRADUAL WEIGHT LOSS 7-10 %
MEDITERRANEAN DIET, MODERATE ALCOHOL, REDUCE SUGAR SWEETENED BEVERAGES, COFFEE

23
Q

GALLBLADDER DISEASE

A
  1. LOW-FAT DIET
    ACUTE: 30-45 G
    CHRONIC: 25-30 % OF TOTAL INTAKE

POST CHOLECYSTECTOMY:

  1. REDUCED FAT INTAKE FOR SEVERAL MONTHS AFTER
  2. SLOW FIBER INTAKE INCREASE TO NORMALIZE BOWEL MOVEMENTS
24
Q

ACUTE PANCREATITIS

A
  1. NPO FOR PANCREAS REST
  2. IV HYDRATION
  3. ADVANCE AS TOLERATED TO EASILY DIGESTED LOW-FAT FOODS
  4. ELEMENTAL EN IN JEJUNUM MAY BE TOLERATED
25
Q

CHRONIC PANCREATITIS

A
  1. PERT WITH MEALS AND SNACKS
  2. MCTS
  3. MAXIMUM TOLERATED FAT TO PROMOTE WEIGHT GAIN
  4. CONSIDER WATER SOLUBLE FORM OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
  5. POSSIBLE PARENTERAL B12
  6. NEED FOR ANTIACIDS
  7. PN IN PROLONGED CASES
  8. AVOID LARGE HIGH-FAT MEALS AND ALCOHOL
26
Q

CYSTIC FIBROSIS

A
  1. PERT WITH MEALS AND SNACKS
  2. HIGH PROTEIN, CALORIE AND UNRESTRICTED FAT INTAKE
  3. LIBERAL SALT
  4. NORMAL GROWTH WITH CONTROLLED STEATORRHEA- RDA CALORIES FOR AGE AND SEX
  5. SLOW GROWTH- 110-200% OF EEN
  6. 15-20 % PROTEIN
  7. 45-55% CHO
  8. 35-40% FAT- TO COMPENSATE HIGH ENERGY NEEDS
  9. 2-4 G NA MORE PER DAY IN HOT WEATHER, PERSPIRATION
  10. WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS AND MINERALS
  11. WATERSOLUBLE FORMS OF A,D,K,E
27
Q

TLC (THERAPEUTIC LIFESTYLE CHANGE)

A

UP TO 35% FAT, < 7% SATURATED FAT, 5-10 % PUFA, UP TO 20 % MUFA, < 200 MG CHOLESTEROL
25-30 G FIBER
STANOLS AND STEROLS-2-3 G DAILY

28
Q

HEART FAILURE

A
  1. DASH DIET
  2. 2-3 G SODIUM
  3. 1-2 L FLUID
  4. 1.1 - 1.4 G PROTEIN/KG
  5. 22 KCAL/KG FOR NOURISHED PATIENTS; 24 KCAL/KG FOR MALNOURISHED
  6. MONITOR THIAMIN LEVELS
  7. DRI FOR FOLATE, MG
  8. MOV WITH B12
29
Q

CARDIAC CACHEXIA

A
  1. ARGININE AND GLUTAMINE MAY BE HELPFUL
  2. LOW SATURATED FAT
  3. LOW CHOLESTEROL
  4. LOW TRANSFAT
  5. <2 G SODIUM
  6. HIGH CALORIES
30
Q

RENAL STONES

A
  1. 1.5-2 L FLUID TO DILUTE URINE
  2. LOW-OXALATE DIET FOR OXALATE STONES- DARK LEAFY GREENS, CHOCOLATE, STRAWBERRIES, NUTS, BEETS, TEA
  3. MORE STONES WITH LOW CALCIUM DIETS

TO PREVENT ACIDIC STONES:
1. ADD VEGETABLES, FRUITS, BROWN SUGAR MOLASSES

TO PREVENT ALKALINE STONES:
1. ADD MEAT, FISH, FOWL, EGGS, SHELLFISH, CHEESE, CORN, OATS, RYE

31
Q

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY

A
  1. IV GLUCOSE, LIPIDS, PROTEIN INITIALLY

1 - 1.3 G/KG PROTEIN FOR NON CATABOLIC, NOT ON DIALYSIS PATIENT, IMPROVING GFR

1.2-1.5 G/KG CATABOLIC WITH DIALYSIS

  1. 25-40 KCAL/KG
  2. LOW SODIUM- 2-3 G
  3. 8-15 MG/KG P; NEED FOR PHOSPHATE BINDERS
  4. 2-3 G POTASSIUM
  5. REPLACE FLUID OUTPUT + 500 ML
32
Q

NEHROTIC SYNDROME

A
  1. MODEST PROTEIN RESTRICTION- .8-1 G/KG ( 50% FORM HBV)
  2. 35 KCAL/KG/DAY
  3. <30 % FAT, LOW SATURATED
  4. 200 MG CHOLESTEROL
  5. MODEST NA RESTRICTION-2-3 G/D
  6. CALCIUM 1-1.5 G/D, VIT D SUPPLEMENTATION
  7. FLUID RESTRICTION WITH EDEMA

RD Exam (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions