Medical Mycology packet

Question 1

what is mycosis?

Answer 1

a fungus infection

Question 2

what is the primary classification of mycoses?

Answer 2

site of infection

Question 3

what is the secondary classification of mycoses?

Answer 3

mode of entry into the body

Question 4

what are the different types of mycoses?

Answer 4

cutaneous mycoses (dermatomycoses)
subcutaneous mycoses
systemic mycoses

Question 5

what are dermatophytes?

Answer 5

fungi that cause cutaneous mycoses

Question 6

what is cutaneous mycoses?

Answer 6

infection of the epidermis, hair and nails

Question 7

what are some examples of cutaneous mycoses?

Answer 7

ringworm

athlete’s foot

Question 8

what is mucocutaneous mycoses?

Answer 8

infection of mucous membrane

Question 9

how is cutaneous mycoses transmitted?

Answer 9

direct contact with infected person animal (cats or dogs)

Question 10

what is subcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 10

infection of the subcutaneous tissue

Question 11

how is subcutaneous mycoses transmitted?

Answer 11

small puncture would of skin by trauma

Question 12

what do subcutaneous mycoses form?

Answer 12

ulcers and nodules just beneath skin

Question 13

how is systemic mycoses transmitted?

Answer 13

inhalation of spores or hyphae

Question 14

which type of mycoses is fatal?

Answer 14

systemic mycoses

Question 15

which type of mycoses is deep within the patient and disseminates to vital organs?

Answer 15

systemic mycoses

Question 16

what are 3 Genera of dermatophytes?

Answer 16

Microsporum audouini
Trichophyton menagrophytes
Epidermophyton floccosum

Question 17

what are the 3 types of cutaneous mycoses caused by dermatophytes?

Answer 17

Tinea Capitis (ringworm of scalp)
Tinea Coproris (ringworm of body)
Tinea Pedis (ringworm of feet)

Question 18

Are the types of cutaneous mycoses Genus and species?

Answer 18

No, they are not underlined and both words are capitalized

Question 19

what are the methods of transmission of cutaneous mycoses?

Answer 19

direct contact and indirect contact/fomite (shower floor,workout mats)

Question 20

what is the treatment for cutaneous mycoses?

Answer 20

topical drugs for skin and nails

oral antibiotics for hair involvement

Question 21

which treatment is the best choice?

Answer 21

topical drugs because epidermis doesn’t have blood

Question 22

what’s the diagnosis of Tinea infections?

Answer 22

Wood’s UV lamp for hair infections (green/blue= pos for ringworm)
wet mount for skin scrapings
dermatotrophic test media- to look for pigment production

Question 23

what type of yeast is Candida albicans?

Answer 23

false yeast (asexual)

Question 24

is Candida albicans dimorphic?

Answer 24

no

25C and 37C = yeast form

Question 25

what kind of pathogen is Candida albicans?

Answer 25

opportunistic pathogen that has "normal flora" of mucous membrane

Question 26

what are the varies types of infection from Candida albicans?

Answer 26

vaginitis- mucocutaneous "Bartender's Finger"/"Fruit Packer's Finger"- cutaneous Thrush- mucocutaneous

Question 27

what is thrush? who is most likely to get this?

Answer 27

white curdles in mouth, infants get this because they have a weak immune system or those who are on longterm antibiotics

Question 28

what is vaginitis?

Answer 28

only females, antibiotic treatment for bacteria

Question 29

why would someone get "Bartender's Finger"/"Fruit Packer's Finger"?

Answer 29

fruit has sugar and an acidic pH

Question 30

what is one way you can see if someone has diabetes?

Answer 30

if their urine has sugar in it

Question 31

what is the systemic involvement in Candida albicans?

Answer 31

immunosuppressed host extensive antibiotic therapy complication of surgery diabetes

Question 32

what is the treatment for Candida albicans?

Answer 32

Nystatin and Oral Ketoconazole for systemic infection

Question 33

where does subcutaneous mycoses occur?

Answer 33

beneath the skin

Question 34

what are the symptoms of subcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 34

forms ulcers and nodules (cysts) just beneath the skin and infects lymph nodes

Question 35

what is subcutaneous mycoses caused by?

Answer 35

saprophytic fungi in soil

Question 36

what is the route of transmission for subcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 36

fungal spores and hyphae enters skin through puncture wound (proper portal of entry) usually trauma (rose bush)

Question 37

what are 3 examples of subcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 37

Sporothrix schenckii Allescheria boydii (Madurella) Philalophora verruscosa

Question 38

where does systemic mycoses occur?

Answer 38

deep tissue and vital organs (to spread)

Question 39

what kind of fungi are in systemic mycoses?

Answer 39

saprophytic fungi

Question 40

is systemic mycoses dimorphic?

Answer 40

yes 25*C = mold 37* C = yeast

Question 41

what is the route of transmission of systemic mycoses?

Answer 41

inhalation of spores/hyphae--> lung infection--> spread in blood or tissues--> vital organs

Question 42

what is are examples of systemic mycoses?

Answer 42

Coccidioides immitis Histoplasma capsulatum Blastomyces dermatitidis Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 43

what are other fungi that causes mycoses or producing toxins?

Answer 43

Rhizopus species Aspergillus flavis Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 44

what disease does Rhizopus species cause?

Answer 44

pulmonary infection

Question 45

what is the treatment for Rhizopus species?

Answer 45

Amphotericin B or surgical removal

Question 46

where does Aspergillus flavin grow?

Answer 46

on grains, corn, nuts

Question 47

What color is Aspergillus flavin and what makes it toxic?

Answer 47

yellow, aflatoxin

Question 48

what disease does Aspergillus fumigatus cause? What color is it?

Answer 48

pulmonary infection to brain and vital organs; black mold

Question 49

what is the treatment for Aspergillus fumigatus?

Answer 49

Ampotericin B or surgical removal