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micro lecture exam 3 > Medical Mycology packet > Flashcards

Medical Mycology packet Flashcards

1
Q

what is mycosis?

A

a fungus infection

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2
Q

what is the primary classification of mycoses?

A

site of infection

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3
Q

what is the secondary classification of mycoses?

A

mode of entry into the body

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4
Q

what are the different types of mycoses?

A

cutaneous mycoses (dermatomycoses)
subcutaneous mycoses
systemic mycoses

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5
Q

what are dermatophytes?

A

fungi that cause cutaneous mycoses

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6
Q

what is cutaneous mycoses?

A

infection of the epidermis, hair and nails

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7
Q

what are some examples of cutaneous mycoses?

A

ringworm

athlete’s foot

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8
Q

what is mucocutaneous mycoses?

A

infection of mucous membrane

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9
Q

how is cutaneous mycoses transmitted?

A

direct contact with infected person animal (cats or dogs)

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10
Q

what is subcutaneous mycoses?

A

infection of the subcutaneous tissue

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11
Q

how is subcutaneous mycoses transmitted?

A

small puncture would of skin by trauma

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12
Q

what do subcutaneous mycoses form?

A

ulcers and nodules just beneath skin

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13
Q

how is systemic mycoses transmitted?

A

inhalation of spores or hyphae

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14
Q

which type of mycoses is fatal?

A

systemic mycoses

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15
Q

which type of mycoses is deep within the patient and disseminates to vital organs?

A

systemic mycoses

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16
Q

what are 3 Genera of dermatophytes?

A

Microsporum audouini
Trichophyton menagrophytes
Epidermophyton floccosum

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17
Q

what are the 3 types of cutaneous mycoses caused by dermatophytes?

A 
Tinea Capitis (ringworm of scalp)
Tinea Coproris (ringworm of body)
Tinea Pedis (ringworm of feet)
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18
Q

Are the types of cutaneous mycoses Genus and species?

A

No, they are not underlined and both words are capitalized

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19
Q

what are the methods of transmission of cutaneous mycoses?

A

direct contact and indirect contact/fomite (shower floor,workout mats)

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20
Q

what is the treatment for cutaneous mycoses?

A

topical drugs for skin and nails

oral antibiotics for hair involvement

21
Q

which treatment is the best choice?

A

topical drugs because epidermis doesn’t have blood

22
Q

what’s the diagnosis of Tinea infections?

A

Wood’s UV lamp for hair infections (green/blue= pos for ringworm)
wet mount for skin scrapings
dermatotrophic test media- to look for pigment production

23
Q

what type of yeast is Candida albicans?

A

false yeast (asexual)

24
Q

is Candida albicans dimorphic?

A

no

25C and 37C = yeast form

25
Q

what kind of pathogen is Candida albicans?

A

opportunistic pathogen that has “normal flora” of mucous membrane

26
Q

what are the varies types of infection from Candida albicans?

A

vaginitis- mucocutaneous
“Bartender’s Finger”/”Fruit Packer’s Finger”- cutaneous
Thrush- mucocutaneous

27
Q

what is thrush? who is most likely to get this?

A

white curdles in mouth, infants get this because they have a weak immune system or those who are on longterm antibiotics

28
Q

what is vaginitis?

A

only females, antibiotic treatment for bacteria

29
Q

why would someone get “Bartender’s Finger”/”Fruit Packer’s Finger”?

A

fruit has sugar and an acidic pH

30
Q

what is one way you can see if someone has diabetes?

A

if their urine has sugar in it

31
Q

what is the systemic involvement in Candida albicans?

A

immunosuppressed host
extensive antibiotic therapy
complication of surgery
diabetes

32
Q

what is the treatment for Candida albicans?

A

Nystatin and Oral Ketoconazole for systemic infection

33
Q

where does subcutaneous mycoses occur?

A

beneath the skin

34
Q

what are the symptoms of subcutaneous mycoses?

A

forms ulcers and nodules (cysts) just beneath the skin and infects lymph nodes

35
Q

what is subcutaneous mycoses caused by?

A

saprophytic fungi in soil

36
Q

what is the route of transmission for subcutaneous mycoses?

A

fungal spores and hyphae enters skin through puncture wound (proper portal of entry) usually trauma (rose bush)

37
Q

what are 3 examples of subcutaneous mycoses?

A

Sporothrix schenckii
Allescheria boydii (Madurella)
Philalophora verruscosa

38
Q

where does systemic mycoses occur?

A

deep tissue and vital organs (to spread)

39
Q

what kind of fungi are in systemic mycoses?

A

saprophytic fungi

40
Q

is systemic mycoses dimorphic?

A

yes
25C = mold
37 C = yeast

41
Q

what is the route of transmission of systemic mycoses?

A

inhalation of spores/hyphae–> lung infection–> spread in blood or tissues–> vital organs

42
Q

what is are examples of systemic mycoses?

A

Coccidioides immitis
Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Cryptococcus neoformans

43
Q

what are other fungi that causes mycoses or producing toxins?

A

Rhizopus species
Aspergillus flavis
Aspergillus fumigatus

44
Q

what disease does Rhizopus species cause?

A

pulmonary infection

45
Q

what is the treatment for Rhizopus species?

A

Amphotericin B or surgical removal

46
Q

where does Aspergillus flavin grow?

A

on grains, corn, nuts

47
Q

What color is Aspergillus flavin and what makes it toxic?

A

yellow, aflatoxin

48
Q

what disease does Aspergillus fumigatus cause? What color is it?

A

pulmonary infection to brain and vital organs; black mold

49
Q

what is the treatment for Aspergillus fumigatus?

A

Ampotericin B or surgical removal

micro lecture exam 3 (5 decks)

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