exam 3 notebook notes (Protozoans) Flashcards
what is a pellicle?
extension of cell membrane; elastic and thick
what do pellicles do?
prevents osmotic shock
what does the contractile vacuole do?
removes water
what is the ectoplasma?
water-like, flows quickly
what is the endoplasma?
center, honey-like, supports organelles
what does the macronucleus do?
controls all cellular activity even asexual reproduction, common to all protozoans
what do the micronucleus do?
sexual reproduction (mixing of genes), optional to protozoans
what are the 2 different structural forms of protozoans?
trophozoite and cyst
describe trophozoites
vegetative form
all protozoans have this
active form
cause disease symptoms
describe cysts
optional, but most have
resistant, dormant structure
thick walls
formed under adverse conditions
what is phagocytosis?
engulfing or eating of large non soluble food using pseudopods
what is pinocytosis/endocytosis?
ingestion of small soluble food particles using an infolding, invagination of cell membrane - “cell drinking”
where is the cytostome found?
in ciliates
what are the types of asexual reproduction?
fission (mitosis)
budding
schizogony
what is fission?
equal division of cytoplasm, followed by mitosis
what is budding?
unequal division of cytoplasm, followed my mitosis
what is schizogony?
equal division of cytoplasm, but multiple divisions of cytoplasm following mitosis
what organelle is needed in asexual reproduction?
macronucleus
what are the types of sexual reproduction?
conjugation and gametes
what is conjugation?
fission of 2 micronucleuses through a conjugation tube, then meiosis occurs
what is gametes?
(1N)male gamete + (1N)female gamete = (2N) zygote–meiosis–>(1N) half of male gamete and half of female gamete–mitosis–> many (1N) half of male gamete and half of female gamete
what are the types of symbiotic relationships?
commensalism
mutalism
parasitism
describe commensalism
:) + :l
describe mutalism
:) + :)
describe parasitism
parasite :) + host :(
