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Informatics Science > Medical Image Data > Flashcards

Medical Image Data Flashcards

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1
Q

A digital image is made up a two dimensional array of numbers

A

Matrix

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2
Q

Matrix consist of columns (M) and rows (N) that define small square region is called?

A

Picture Element or Pixels

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3
Q

Increase of number of pixel

A

Resolution: good / high quality

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4
Q

Decrease number of pixels

A

Resolution: bad / low quality

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5
Q

Increase size of pixel

A

Resolution: low / bad quality

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6
Q

Decrease size of pixel

A

Resolution: high / good quality

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7
Q

The amount of body part or patient included in the image

A

Field of View (FOV)

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8
Q

The larger, more area is imaged

A

Field of View (FOV)

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9
Q

Is the smallest element in a digital image

A

Pixels or picture element

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10
Q

Is directly related to the amount of spatial resolution or detail in the image

A

Pixel Size

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11
Q

1000 or more shades of gray, can adjust to have a good and better result

A

Digital Imaging

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12
Q

It uses only 30 shades of gray.

A

Manual Processing or Conventional Xray

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13
Q

The number of bits within the pixels

A

Pixel Bit Depth

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14
Q

It has 10 to 16 bit depths resulting in more shades of gray

A

Pixel Bit Depth

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15
Q

Refers to its appearance on the display monitor of the computer

A

Brightness

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16
Q

Is a function of the monitors ability to emit light through the surface of the display

A

Brightness

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17
Q

The ability of the digital system to display subtle changes in the shade of gray

A

Contrast Resolution

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18
Q

The ability of the imaging system to demonstrate small details of an object

A

Spatial Resolution

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19
Q

Contributes no useful diagnostic information and serves only to detract from the quality of the image

A

Quantum Noise

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20
Q

Is visible as brightness or density fluctuations on the images

A

Quantum Noise

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21
Q

The fewer the photons reaching the IR to form the image, the greater is the visible on the digital image

A

Quantum Noise

22
Q

Grainy or sandy-like appearance

A

Image Noise or Quantum Noise

23
Q

Ability to respond to varying levels of exposure, more tissue densities on the digital image are seen, giving the appearance of more detail.

A

Dynamic Range

24
Q

The range of exposure diagnostic image values the image detector is able to produce

A

Exposure Latitude

25
Q

Dependent on the image detector the higher dynamic range of the detector, the more values can be detected

A

Exposure Latitude

26
Q

Dependent on the image detector the higher dynamic range of the detector, the more values can be detected

A

Exposure Latitude

27
Q

Is to generate an image that is more pleasing to the observer

A

Image Enhancement

28
Q

Is to improve the quality of images that have distortions or degradation

A

Image Restoration

29
Q

Is to reduce the size of the image in order to decrease transmission time and reduce storage space

A

Image Compression

30
Q

Creates images from other images or non-image data

A

Image Synthesis

31
Q

When the frequencies of areas of interest are known, those frequencies can be amplified and other frequencies suppressed

A

Spatial Frequency Filtering
EDGE ENHANCEMENT

32
Q

Edge enhancement are also know as ?

A

high-pass filtering

33
Q

Smoothing are also known as?

A

low-pass filtering

34
Q

Occurs by averaging each pixels frequency with surrounding pixel values to remove high-frequency noise

A

Spatial Frequency Filtering
SMOOTHING

35
Q

The result is a reduction of noise and contrast

A

Smoothing

36
Q

The process of adding text to an image

A

Annotation

37
Q

Controls how bright or dark the screen image is

A

Window Level

38
Q

Controls the ratio of black and white or contrast

A

Window Width

39
Q

Blacken out the white collimation borders, effectively eliminating veil glare

A

Background Removal or Shutering

40
Q

The portrait, landscape, and rotation

A

Image Orientation

41
Q

Zooming in and out

A

Magnification

42
Q

Result in a black appearance of bone and a white appearance of soft tissue

A

Image Inversion

43
Q

Technique that can remove superimposed structures so that the anatomic area of interest become more visible

A

Digital Subtraction

44
Q

When anatomy or the area of interest is too large to fit on one cassette, multiple images can be “stitched” together using specialized software programs

A

Image Stitching

45
Q

One of the most commonly used three-dimensional (3D) rendering techniques

A

Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR)

46
Q

Used to visualize vessels

A

(MIP) Maximum Intensity Projection

47
Q

Air-filled structures

A

(Minlp) Minimum Intensity Projection

48
Q

Similar to MIP but allows the user to assign colors based on the intensity of the tissue so that bone, contrast agent, and organs can be seen in different colors

A

Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)

49
Q

The Technique uses a histogram-type graph to differentiate the various structures.

A

Volume Rendering Technique (VRT)

50
Q

Using a threshold of pixel intensity values, everything below the threshold will be removed, and everything above will be assigned a color and shown as a 3D object

A

Shaded Surface Display (SSD)

Informatics Science (6 decks)

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