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Informatics Science > Basic Computer Principle > Flashcards

Basic Computer Principle Flashcards

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1
Q

The sequence of instructions developed by a software programmer

A

Computer Program

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2
Q

Are programs that manage the resources of the computer system and simplify applications programming

A

System Software

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3
Q

They include such as the operating system, database management system, networking software, translator, and software utilities

A

System Software

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4
Q

Is the software that controls the computer hardware and acts as a bridge between application and the hardware

A

Operating System (OS)

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5
Q

What are the three major OSs is use today

A

Windows by microsoft
Macintosh OS
UNIX/Linux

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6
Q

Is that series of instructions that organizes the course of data through the computer to the solution of a particular problem

A

Operating System

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7
Q

Computer programs that are written by a computer manufacturer , by a software manufacturer, or by the users themselves o guide the computer to perform specific task

A

Applications Programs

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8
Q

Allows programs allow users to print mailing lists, complete income tax forms, evaluate financial statements, or reconstruct images from xray transmission patterns

A

Application Programs

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9
Q

What are the two types of monitors

A

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

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10
Q

The cathode ray tube or CRT is

A

almost obsolete

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11
Q

The Liquid Crystal Display or LCD

A

most common

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12
Q

The number of pixels on a display

A

Resolution

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13
Q

Grouping of one red dot, one green dot, and one blue dot

A

Dot Triad

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14
Q

Measurement of how close the dots are located to one another within a pixel

A

Dot Pitch

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15
Q

May be expressed as aperture grille pitch, pixel pitch, or slot pitch, depending on the monitor maker

A

Dot Pitch

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16
Q

Measure of how fast the monitor rewrites the screen or the number of times that the image is redrawn on the display each sound

A

Refresh Rate

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17
Q

Ratio of the width of the monitor to the height of the monitor

A

Aspect Ratio

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18
Q

Measured diagonally from one corner of the display to the opposite corner

A

Viewable Area

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19
Q

Consist of a cathode and anode within a vacuum tube

A

Cathode Ray Tube

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20
Q

Boils off a cloud of electrons and then a potential difference is placed on the tube

A

Cathode Ray Tube

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21
Q

Produces images by shining or reflecting light through a layer of liquid crystal and a series of color filters

A

Liquid Crystal Display

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22
Q

Has two pieces of polarized glass with a nematic liquid crystal material sandwiched between the two

A

Liquid Crystal Display

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23
Q

Is the physical (geometric) layout of the connected devices on a network.

A

Topology

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24
Q

What are the four common topology configuration

A

bus, ring, star, mesh

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25
Q

Is a network in which all devices are physically attached on a single wire

A

Bus Topology

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26
Q

This type of topology does not need any switches or hubs

A

Bus Topology

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27
Q

A network in which the devices are connected in a circle

A

Ring Topology

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28
Q

Each device passes its received messages to the next node on the ring always in the same direction

A

Ring Toplogy

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29
Q

Network that has the devices connected to a central hub or switch

A

Star Topology

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30
Q

Can be thought of as a bus topology

A

Star Topology

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31
Q

Is the most commonly used network topology

A

Star Topology

32
Q

The data are sent through the hub out to the destination device

A

Star Topology

33
Q

Is used most often to connect networks to other netwroks

A

Mesh Topology

34
Q

This type of network has redundancy built in with the multiple connections.

A

Mesh Topology

35
Q

network that has multiple pathways interconnecting devices and networks

A

Mesh Topology

36
Q

Is sometimes created so that larger networks an be segmented or broken up into smaller network

A

network bridge or network component

37
Q

Is sometimes created so that larger networks an be segmented or broken up into smaller network

A

network bridge or network component

38
Q

This reduces the network traffic, speeds up he overall network connection

A

Network component - Network Switch

39
Q

Is similar to a hub but it sends data only

A

Network Switch

40
Q

It will read the destination address from the data and select a direct path to ithe intended target

A

Network Component - Network Switch

41
Q

When the hub receives data from a device, it generally sends those data to all devices connected to it

A

Network Hub

42
Q

Are commonly used in small office and home application

A

Network Hub

43
Q

Is the simplest device that can be used to connect several pieces

A

Network Hub

44
Q

It has several wiring ports available on it to receive and transmit data

A

Network Hub

45
Q

Provides the interface between the computer and network medium

A

Network Interface Card

46
Q

Becoming more commonplace as technology

A

Wireless Connections

47
Q

Uses glass threads to transmit data on the network

A

Fiber Optic Cable

48
Q

Is surrounded by plastic protective covering

A

Fiber Optic Cable

49
Q

Is much faster than its metal counterparts

A

Fiber Optic Cable

50
Q

It is most often used in the infrastructure of the network

A

Fiber Optic Cable

51
Q

Similar telephone wire , consist of four twisted pairs of copper wires

A

Twisted-Pair wire

52
Q

It is the most commonly jsed connection medium in LANS

A

Twisted - Pairs wire

53
Q

Similar to the wiring used for the cable television run into house

A

Coaxial cable

54
Q

computer that can work independently

A

Thick client

55
Q

Generally a high-end computer

A

Thick client

56
Q

Generally a high end computer

A

Thick client

57
Q

a device that is found on a network that requires services and resources from a server

A

Thin client

58
Q

a computer that manages resources for other computers

A

Server

59
Q

House application provide storage for files

A

Server

60
Q

similar to a server based network computer that controls the operation of the network

A

Client-Based network

61
Q

similar to a server based network

A

Client-Based network

62
Q

There can be multiple servers on this type of network

A

Server-Based Network

63
Q

Allows the users to move from computer to computer

A

Server-Based Network

64
Q

The most popular small office or home network

A

Peer-to-peer Network

65
Q

Each computer on the network is considered equal

A

Peer-to-Peer Network

66
Q

Wide of these long distance communication links drive up

A

Wide Area Network (WAN)

67
Q

A network that span a large area city, state, nation,

A

Wide Area Network (WAN)

68
Q

Has the fastest communication technology

A

Local Area Network

69
Q

The computer are interconnected and communicate by sharing images and reports

A

Local Area Network (LAN)

70
Q

wireless access points

A

Local Area Network (LAN)

71
Q

two or more objects sharing resources and information

A

Network

72
Q

These device can be shared among a group of computers to save money and space for the users

A

Network

73
Q

A diode is an electronic device that allows current flow in one direction

A

LCD-LED

74
Q

Emits light when electrically stimulated

A

LED

75
Q

The first LED semiconductor material was

A

Gallium Arsenide (GaAs)

Informatics Science (4 decks)

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