Medical emergencies Flashcards
What is the drug and dose that would be given for anaphylaxis in an adult?
Adrenaline 500mcg 1:1000 Intramuscular
Repeated at 5 minute intervals
What would you give a patient in a suspected heart attack?
300mg aspirin
When would you administer Glucagon?
Hypoglycaemia in unconscious patients
How much glucose should you give a co-operative patient for hypoglycaemia?
15-20g fast acting glucose
What does GTN stand for?
Glyceryl Trinitrate
When would you use midazolam oromucosal solution?
Prolonged convulsive seizures
What is the dosage for midazolam oromucosal solution in children aged 1 - 5 years?
5mg buccal
What is the dosage for midazolam oromucosal solution in children aged 5 - 10 years?
7.5mg buccal
What is the dosage for midazolam oromucosal solution in children aged 10+ & adults?
10mg buccal
What emergency drug would you use for an asthma attack?
Salbutamol inhaler
What is the dosage for Glucagon in patients under 8 years or below 25kg?
0.5mg IM
What is the dosage for Glucagon in patients over 8 years and above 25kg?
1mg IM
What is the dosage for adrenaline in patients under 6 years?
150mcg 0.15mls 1:1000 IM
What is the dosage for adrenaline in patients aged 6 - 12 years?
300mcg 0.3mls 1:1000 IM
What is the dosage for adrenaline in patients above 12 years?
500mcg 0.5mls 1:1000
How much oxygen is delivered through a bag valve mask?
15L/Min 90-100% oxygen
What is Status Epilepticus?
Prolonged/Repetitive seizures
Pain in the left arm, sweating, shortness of breath, tight pain in the centre of the chest are all symptoms of what medical emergency?
Angina Attack
Crushing chest pain, pain in the left arm, low blood pressure and pale and clammy skin are all symptoms of what medical emergency?
Myocardial Infarction
What is paradoxical chest?
One side of the chest will rise and fall abnormally
What is hypoglycaemia?
Low blood sugar
What is hyperglycaemia?
High blood sugar
What are the symptoms of hypoglycaemia?
Irritability and aggressiveness
Uncooperative and slurred speech
Disorientation
Cold, clammy & sweaty skin
What are the symptoms of hyperglycaemia?
Blurred vision
Weightloss
Sweet smelling breath
Increased urination
What is the range for normal blood sugar levels?
4.0 and 5.9 mmol/l
What is the management of hypoglycaemia in a conscious cooperative patient?
Glucose drink/tablet/gel
Repeat every 10-15 minutes
What is the management of hypoglycaemia in an unconscious adult patient?
1mg IM Glucagon
Where should you place defib pads?
As if you were the patient - On the UR collarbone & LL side of chest
How long will a D size cylinder provide oxygen for, if given at 10-10L/min?
20 - 30 minutes
What causes angina?
Lack of oxygenated blood
Can be brought on by exercise, stress, hypertension
How many times can you repeat GTN spray in a medical emergency?
3
What causes myocardial infarction?
Blood flow is blocked to the heart by:
Coronary heart disease causing plaque to dislodge causing a blood clot
How many backslaps should you give?
5 between the shoulder blades
How many abdominal thrusts should you give?
5
What is urticaria?
Itchy rash
At what rate should you administer CPR?
100 - 120
Without supplementary oxygen, how much O2 will the patient inhale with a Laerdal pocket mask?
16% expired air
This increases to 65-70% when supplementary oxygen is used
What % of oxygen does the patient receive with a Hudson mask?
40% as they are known to have poor seals
What % of oxygen will the patient receive with a non-rebreather mask?
60-90%
What % of oxygen will the patient receive with a bag valve mask?
90 - 100% and oxygen should be set at 15L/Min
What is the recommended flow rate for nasal cannulas?
4 - 5L/min
