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Dental Nursing Sedation 2024 > Inhalation sedation > Flashcards

Inhalation sedation Flashcards

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1
Q

What does ASA stand for?

A

American society of anaesthesiologists

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2
Q

Who first produced nitrous oxide?

A

Joseph Priestly in 1772

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3
Q

Who researched nitrous oxide?

A

Humphry Davy

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4
Q

What % of Nitrous Oxide will lead to unconsciousness?

A

80%

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5
Q

What are the average flow rates of an adult & a child?

A

6L/Min & 8L/Min

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6
Q

What does MAC stand for?

A

Minimum alveolar concentration

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7
Q

When was the ASA scale created?

A

1941

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8
Q

What does MDAS stand for?

A

Modified dental anxiety scale

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9
Q

The MDAS replaced what dental anxiety scale?

A

CORAH

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10
Q

What is the weight of a full E size cylinder containing nitrous oxide?

A

8.8kg

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11
Q

What is the weight of an empty E size cylinder?

A

5.4kg

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12
Q

How many litres in cylinder sized E?

A

680L

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13
Q

How many litres in cylinder size C?

A

170L

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14
Q

How many litres in cylinder size D?

A

340L

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15
Q

How many litres in cylinder size F?

A

1360L

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16
Q

How many litres in cylinder size G?

A

3400L

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17
Q

Nitrous oxide has a PSI of what?

A

800psi

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18
Q

Oxygen has a PSI of what?

A

2000psi

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19
Q

What are the maximum exposure levels of nitrous oxide?

A

100ppm over an 8 hour period in 24 hours

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20
Q

Name 4 contraindications to inhalation sedation

A

Nasal obstruction
Psychiatric patients
Ocular surgery
Sinus surgery/disease

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21
Q

What is the function of the air entrainment valve?

A

To draw in atmospheric air in the event the oxygen cylinders fail

22
Q

What does PSI stand for?

A

Pounds per square inch

23
Q

What is the colour of a nitrous oxide cylinder?

A

Blue

24
Q

What is the colour of an oxygen cylinder?

A

Black with a white collar

25
Q

What is the onset time of nitrous oxide?

A

20 seconds, 3-5 minutes for full effects

26
Q

What percentage of nitrous oxide is eliminated through respiration once delivery has stopped?

A

99%, remaining 1% through skin & lungs

27
Q

What % of nitrous oxide is the patient administered in plane 1 of inhalation sedation?

A

5-25%

28
Q

What % of nitrous oxide is the patient administered in plane 2 of inhalation sedation?

A

20-55%

29
Q

What % of nitrous oxide is the patient administered in plane 3 of inhalation sedation?

A

50-70%

30
Q

What is the 4th stage of inhalation sedation?

A

Medullary depression (overdose)

31
Q

What is the 3rd stage of inhalation sedation?

A

Surgical anaesthesia

32
Q

What is the 2nd stage of inhalation sedation?

A

Excitement

33
Q

Inhalation sedation should be kept within which plane/stage of anaesthesia?

A

Plan 1 or 2 of stage 1

34
Q

Name 3 safety mechanisms of an inhalation sedation machine

A
  1. Delivery of nitrous oxide stops if oxygen supply fails
  2. Reservoir bag allows monitoring of patient respiration
  3. Air entrainment valves draws in atmospheric air if delivery of both gases stop
35
Q

How much oxygen does the flush button deliver?

A

30L/Min

36
Q

What % of excess gas does the scavenging machine remove?

A

45L/Min

37
Q

1/4 full cylinder of nitrous oxide, equates to what psi?

A

200

38
Q

What is the bodok seal?

A

Ensures air tight seal between regulator and gas cylinder

39
Q

What is the pin index system?

A

Ensures that the correct gas is connected to the correct regulator

40
Q

What information is found on all cylinders?

A
  1. Content,
  2. Batch number
  3. Expiry date
  4. Approximate weight
41
Q

Name 3 side effects of nitrous oxide

A
  1. Infertility in female workers
  2. Anaemia
  3. Birth defects
42
Q

Why must you never lubricate connections, valves and fitments?

A

There is a danger of explosion

43
Q

Entonox is a mixture of what % nitrous oxide and oxygen?

A

50% Oxygen 50% Nitrous Oxide

44
Q

What is the gravity of nitrous oxide?

A

1.53

45
Q

How many times heavier than air is nitrous oxide?

A

1.5

46
Q

What is the MAC value of nitrous oxide?

A

104

47
Q

It is preferred that gases used in inhalation sedation have a high ___ ? and a low ___?

A

High MAC and Low solubility

48
Q

What is the maximum number of nitrous oxide molecules that attach to haemoglobin?

A

3

49
Q

What is the mac value of sevoflurane?

A

below 2

50
Q

How much does a full nitrous oxide cylinder weigh?

A

8.8kg

51
Q

What size is an adult reservoir bag?

A

2 Litres

52
Q

What size is a child reservoir bag?

A

1.5L

Dental Nursing Sedation 2024 (7 decks)

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