Medical Emergencies Flashcards
WHAT DRUG TO GIVE FOR AN ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
Adreneline
epipen to thigh
WHAT DRUG TO GIVE FOR A SEIZURE
midazolam
WHAT DRUG TO GIVE FOR THROMBOSIS / THROMBOEMOLBISM / STROKE AND WHAT FORM
aspirin
crushed 300mg
WHAT DRUG TO GIVE FOR AN ASTHAMA ATTACK
salbutamol inhaler
WHAT DRUG TO GIVE FOR CARDIAC ARREST
oxygen
EHAT EQUIPMENT DO YOU NEED FOR A CARDIAC ARREST
AED kit = AED, pads, scissors, razor, towel, bag valve mask, O2, intubation devices
WHAT DRUG DO YOU NEED FOR AN ANGINA ATTACK
GTN spray
WHERE DO U SPRAY GTN SPRAY
sublingually
WHAT DRUG DO YOU NEED FOR HYPOGLYCAEMIC SHOCK
glucose gel and glucagon injection
WHICH DISEASE WOULD SOMEONE HAVE TO GO INTO HYPOGLYCAEMIC SHOCK
diabetes - probably type 1 as they will be under intense glycaemic control
WHAT IS AN ASTHMA ATTACK
sudden worsening of asthma symptoms caused by tightening of muscles around airways (bronchospasm) and lining of airways becomes swollen or inflamed and musuc is thicker
WHAT ARE POTENTIAL TRIGGERS OF ASTHMA
cold / drug
WHAT IS A CARDIAC ARREST
sudden stop of heart function - electrical system
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HEART ATTACK AND A CARDIAC ARREST
cardiac arrest is the the electrical system issues and heart attack is lack of blood supply due to blocked artery
WHICH ANGINA CAUSES AN ANGINA ATTACK AND WHY
unstable angina
doesn’t follow a pattern, can occur at rest, lasts longer and may not relieve with medications
can progress to heart attack
WHAT IS AN ANGINA ATTACK
chest discomfort/shortness of breath caused when heart muscles recieve insufficient oxygen rich blood
WHAT IS HYPOGLYCAEMIC SHOCK
low blood sugar (gluocse) <4mmol/L blood
WHAT ELSE IS HYPOGLYCAEMIC SHOCK KNOWN AS
insulin shock
WHAT DOES HYPOGLYCAEMIC SHOCK CAUSE
irregular / rapid heartbeat
pale skin
numbness of lips/tongue/cheek
sweating
WHICH TYPE OF DIABETES IS MORE LIKELY TO GO INTO HYPOGLYCAEMIC SHOCK
type 1 diabetes as they are under intensive glycaemic control
WHAT IS ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
a serious life threatening allergic reaction
WHAT ARE SYMPTOMS OF ANAPYLAXIS
hives
swelling
sudden drop in BP due to systemic vasoD
shock
WHAT HAPPENS TO BODY TO CAUSE ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
release histamin triggered by interaction of allergic antibody (IgE) with the substance
WHAT IS A SIEZURE
sudden uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain which can cause chnages in behaviour movements, feelings and consciousness
linked to epilepsy
WHAT IS THROMBOSIS
formation of a clot
WHAT IS THROMBOEMBOLISM (DEEP VEINTHROMBOSIS)’
clot in veins located deep in the body
usually thigh or lower legs causing pain and swelling
WHAT IS A CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
stroke
WHAT CAUSES A STROKE
blood supply to brain reduced / blocked
prevents brain tissue getting oxygen and nutrients
IF PATIENT HAVING A SUSPECTED ASTHMA ATTACK WHAT 3 THINGS SHOULD YOU LOOK OUT FOR
resp rate
are they using accessory muscles to breathe (eg arms pinned back)
can they talk in sentences / communicate
WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE IS HAVING A SUSPECTED ASTHMA ATTACK
sit them down, encourage them to take deep breaths
1 puff blue inhaler (salbutamol - short acting beta agonist) every 30-60 seconds for up to 10 puffs
if no improvement / gets worse call 999
WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE IS HAVING AN ANGINA ATTACK
sit them down - not lying down
GTN spray sublingually
again after 5 min if no improvement
999 if no improvement
WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE IS HAVING AN ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
epi pen in upper thigh
CHOKING
- Ask can you talk
- Ask can you cough
- Dislogment - check if gone
- Haemlich manouvre - = lean them slightly forward
○ Right hand in fist
○ Left hand under it
○ Push up and inwards
Check every 2-3 times if its dislodged
WHICH CASE SHOULD OXYGEN NOT BE GIVEN
chronic COPD
they cant absorb the oxygen
