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Medical Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

D10 Class

A

Hypertonic Dextrose containing solution

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2
Q

D10 Mechanism of Action

A

10% dextrose in water provies nutrients in the form of dextrose as well as free water

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3
Q

D10 Indications

A

Neonatal resuscitation, hypoglycemia

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4
Q

D10 Contraindications

A

D10W should not be used as a hypovolemic volume replacement

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5
Q

D10 Adverse reactions and side effects

A

Rare in the therapeutic dosages

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6
Q

D10 Drug Interactions

A

Should not be used with phenytoin(Dilantin) or amiodarone(Inocor)

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7
Q

D10 Dosage and Administration for Neonates

A

a 10% dextrose solution may be given as an IV boilus(2mL/kg) if the newborns blood glucose level is less than 40 mg/dL and the infant is symptomatic, with a recheck of the blood glucose in about 30 minutes. IV administration of dextrose often needs to be followed by a 10% dextrose infusion run at 60 to 100 mL/kg/d. Infusion of dextrose is based on the newborns gestational age (60 mL/kg per day for a full term newborn; adjusted upward based on the recommendations of the referring hospital for premature newborns)

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8
Q

D10 Duration of action

A

Short term therapy

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9
Q

D10 Special considerations

A

None

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10
Q

D50 Class

A

Carbohydrate, antihypoglycemic

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11
Q

D50 Mechanism of action

A

Rapidly increases serum glucose levels. short term osmotic diuresis

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12
Q

D50 Indications

A

Hypoglycemia, altered level of consciousness, coma of unknown origin, seizure of unknown origin, status epilepticus

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13
Q

D50 Contraindications

A

Intracranial hemorrhage

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14
Q

D50 Adverse reactions and side effects

A

Extravasation leads to tissue necrosis. Cerebral hemorrhage; cerebral ischemia; pulmonary edema; warmth, pain, burning from IV infusion; hyperglycemia

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15
Q

D50 Drug Interactions

A

Sodium Bicarbonate, warfarin(Coumadin)

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16
Q

D50 Dosage and administration adult

A

25g slow IV push.

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17
Q

D50 Duration of action

A

onset: Less than 1 minute
peak: variable
duration: variable

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18
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Class

A

Antihistamine (H1 blocker)

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19
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Mechanism of action

A

Blocks H1 histamine receptors in the respiratory tract, blood vessels, and GI smooth muscle; decreases motion sickness. Reverse extrapyramidal reactions.

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20
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Indications

A

Symptomatic relief of allergies, allergic reactions, and anaphylaxis. Blood administration reactions; used for motion sickness and relief of acute dystonic reactions caused by phenothiazines; may be useful in phenothiazine overdoses.

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21
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to antihistamines, newborns or premature infants, breastfeeding. Use with caution in infants, children, and older adults and in patients with asthma, narrow angle glaucoma, or patients taking MAOIs

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22
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Drowsiness, sedation, seizures, dizziness, headache, blurred vision, wheezing, thickening of bronchial secretions, palpitations, hypotension, dysrhythmias, dry mouth, diarhea, nausea, vomiting. Hallucinations, confusion, and paradoxical CNS excitation can occur in children.

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23
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Drug Interactions

A

Potentiates effects of alcohol and other CNS depressants. MAOI’s prolong and intensify the anticholinergic(drying) effects of diphenhydramine.

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24
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

25 to 50 mg IM, IV, PO.

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25
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

1 to 2 mg/kg IV, IO slowly, or IM. If PO 5 mg/kg per 24 hours.

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26
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Duration of action

A

onset: 15 to 30 minutes
peak: 1 hour
duration: 3 to 12 hours

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27
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Pregnancy safety Category

A

B

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28
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Special considerations

A

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) increases the effectiveness of epinephrine and is often used in conjunction with it, as in anaphylaxis.

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29
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Class

A

Benzodiazepine antagonist, antidote

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30
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Mechanism of action

A

antagonizes the action of benzodiazepines on the CNS, reversing the sedative effects

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31
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Indications

A

Reversal of respiratory depression and sedative effects from pure benzodiazepine overdose.

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32
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, tricyclic antidepressant overdose, seizure prone patients, coma of unknown etiology

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33
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Adverse reactions and side effects

A

Seizures, dizziness, agitation, confusion, headache, visual disturbances, dysrhythmias, chest pain, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, vomiting, hiccups, rigors, shivering, pain at the injection site.

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34
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Drug Interactions

A

Toxic effects of mixed drug overdose (especially tricyclics)

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35
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

First dose: 0.2 mg IV/IO over 15 seconds
Second dose: 0.3 mg may be given over 30 seconds;if no response give third dose.
Third dose: 0.5 mg IV/IO over 30 seconds; if no response repeat dose until adequate response or 3mg has been given.

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36
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

Not recommended

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37
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Duration of action

A

onset: 1 to 2 minutes
peak: related to plasma concentration on benzodiazepines
duration: related to plasma concentration of benzodiazepines

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38
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Pregnancy Safety category

A

C

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39
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) Special Considerations

A

Be prepared to manage seizures in patients who are physically dependent on benzodiazapines or who have ingested larger doses of other drugs. Flumazenil may precipitate withdrawal syndromes in patients dependent on benzodiazepines. Monitor patients for resedation and respiratory depression; be prepared to assist ventilations. Not recommended in combined drug overdoses, especially with TCAs; may result in death. Controversial use in unknown overdose or polysubstance overdose.

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40
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Class

A

Hyperglycemic agent, pancreatic hormone, insulin antagonist

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41
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Mechanism of Action

A

Increases blood glucose level by stimulating glycogenolysis. Unknown mechanism of stabilizing cardiac rhythm in beta blocker overdose. Minimal Positive inotropic and chronotropic response. Decreases GI motility and secretions

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42
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Indications

A

Altered level of conciousness when hypoglycemia is suspected. May be used as a reversal agent in beta blocker and calcium channel blocker overdoses.

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43
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Contraindications

A

Hyperglycemia, hypersensitivity

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44
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Dizziness, headache, hypertension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, rebound hypoglycemia

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45
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Drug Interactions

A

Incompatible in solution with most other substances. No significant drug interactions with other emergency medications.

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46
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

Hypoglycemia: 1mg IM/IN, may repeat in 7 to 10 minutes.
Calcium channel blocker or beta blocker overdose: 3 to 10 mg IV slowly over 3 to 5 minutes initially, followed by a 3 to 5 mg/h infusion as necessary.

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47
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

Hypoglycemia: 1 mg IM/IN if 20 kg or greater (or 5 years or more); 0.5 mg IM/IN if less than 20 kg or younger than 5 years.
Calcium Channel or beta blocker toxicity: 0.05 to 0.15 mg/kg IV/IO over 3 to 5 minutes initially, followed by a 0.05 to 0.10 mg/kg per hour infusion as necessary.

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48
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Duration of Action

A

onset: 1 minute
peak: 5 to 20 minutes
duration: 60 to 90 minutes

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49
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Pregancy safety category

A

B

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50
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen) Special Considerations

A

Ineffective if glycogen stores depleted. Should always be used in conjunction with D50 whenever possible. If patient does not respond to second dose of glucagon, D50 must be administered. Requres reconstitution with the supplied solution.

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51
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Class

A

Tranquilizer, antipsychotic

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52
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Mechanism of Action

A

Inhibits CNS catecholamine receptors: strong antidopaminergic and weak anticholinergic. Acts on CNS to depress subcortical areas, midbrain, and ascending reticular activating system in the brain.

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53
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Indications

A

Acute psychotic episodes

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54
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Contraindications

A

Parkinson disease, depressed mental status, agitation secondary to shock and hypoxia, hypersensitivity

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55
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Seizures, sedation, confusion, restlessness, extrapyramidal reactions, dystonia, respiratory depression, hypotension, QT prolongation, sudden cardiac death, constipation, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, drooling, blurred vision.

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56
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Drug Interactions

A

Enhanced CNS depression and hypotension in combination with alcohol. Antagonized amphetamines and epinephrine. Other CNS depressants may potentiate effects

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57
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Adult dosage and administrations

A

2 to 5 mg IM only ever 30 to 60 minutes until sedation is achieved

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58
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

Not recommended

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59
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Duration of Action

A

onset: 10 minutes
peak: 30 to 45 minutes
duration: variable

60
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Pregnancy Safety Category

A

C

61
Q

Haloperidol Lactate (Haldol) Special Considerations

A

Treat hypotension secondary to haloperidol with fluids and norepinephrine, not epinephrine. Patient may also be taking benztropine mesylate if on long term therapy with haloperidol

62
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Class

A

Antidote, Cyanide poisoning adjunct

63
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Mechanism of Action

A

Binds with cyanide to form nontoxic cyanocobalamin, preventing its toxic effects; excreted renally

64
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Indications

A

Treatment of known or suspected cyanide poisoning

65
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Contraindications

A

None in the emergency setting

66
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Hypertension, allergic reactions, GI bleeding, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, dyspnea, dizziness, headache, injection site reactions.

67
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Drug Interactions

A

Do not administer in the same IV line with Diazepam, dobutamine, dopamine, fentanyl, NTG, propofol, sodium nitrate, and sodium thiosulfate

68
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

5g IV infusion over 15 minutes at a rate of 15 mL/min, one time, may be repeated one time at the same dose.

69
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

70 mg/kg IV one time, may be repeated one time at same dose.

70
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Duration of action

A

onset: Rapid
peak: 8 to 10 minutes
duration: varies

71
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Pregancy safety category

A

c

72
Q

Hydroxocobalamin(Cyanokit) Special Considerations

A

Make sure to reassess the patients airway, oxygenation, and hydration during administration. The patient may become hypertensive during treatment and will return to baseline within 4 hours.

73
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Class

A

Electrolyte, anti-inflammatory

74
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Mechanism of Action

A

Reduces striated muscle contractions and blocks peripheral meuromuscular transmission by reducing acetylcholine release at the myoneural junction. Manages seizures in toxemia of pregnancy. Induces uterine relaxation. Can cause bronchodilation after beta-agonists and anticholinergics have been administered

75
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Indications

A

Seizures of eclampsia (toxemia of pregnancy), torsades de pointed, hypomagnesemia, VF/pulseless VT that is refractory to amiodarone, life threatening dysrhythmias due to digitalis toxicity, severe status asthmaticus, and severe bronchoconstriction with impending respiratory failure.

76
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Contraindications

A

Heart block, myocardial damage

77
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Adverse reactions and side effects

A

Drowsiness, CNS depression, respiratory depression, respiratory tract paralysis, abnormal ECG, AV block, hypotension, vasodilation, hyporeflexia

78
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Drug Interactions

A

May enhance effects of other CNS depressants. Serious changes in overall cardiac function may occur with cardiac glycosides.

79
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Adult Dosage and Administration

A

Seizure activity associated with pregnancy: 1 to 4 g of 10% solution IV/IO over 3 minutes.
Max: 30 to 40g/day

Cardiac arrest due to hypomagnesemia or torsades do pointes: 1 to 2 g of 10% solution IV/IO over 5 to 20 minutes.

Torsades de pointes with pulse: Loading dose of 1 to 2 g in 50 to 100 mL of D5W over 5 to 60 minutes IV. follow with 0.5 to 1 g/h IV(titrate to control torsades)

Status Asthmaticus: 1 to 2 g IV over 15 to 30 minutes

Severe bronchoconstriction or impending respiratory failure: 40 mg/kg IV max of 2g

80
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

Pulseless VT with torsades de pointes: 25 to 50mg /kg IV/IO of a 10% solution over 10 to 20 min Max: 2 g

Torsades de Pointes with pulses or hypomagnesemia: 25 to 50 mg/kg IV/IO of 10% solution over 10 to 20 minutes. max 2g

Status Asthmaticus: 30 to 60 mg/kg IV/IO of a 10% solution over 15 to 30 min max 2g

81
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Duration of Action

A

onset IV/IO: immediate
peak: variable
duration IV/IO 30 min

82
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Pregnancy Safety Category

A

D

83
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Special Considerations

A

Due to confirmed evidence of human fetal risk must be used cautiously although administration may be justified.

IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride should be available as an antagonist to magnesium if needed. Use with caution in patients with renal failure.

84
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Class

A

Opiod antagonist, antidote

85
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Mechanism of action

A

Competitive inhibition at narcotic receptor sites. Reverses respiratory depression secondary to opiate drugs. Completely inhibits the effect of morphine.

86
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Indications

A

Opiate overdose, complete or partial reversal of CNS and respiratory depression induced by opiods, decreased level of consciousness, coma of unknown origin. Narcotic agonist for the following: morphine, heroin, hydromorphone(Dilaudid), methadone, meperidine(Demerol), paregoric, fentanyl(Sublimaze), oxycodone(Percodan), codeine, propoxyphene(Darvon). Narcotic agonist and antagonist for the following: butorphanol(Stadol), pentazocine(Talwin), nalbuphine(Nubain)

87
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Contraindications

A

Use with caution in narcotic dependent patients. Use with caution in neonates of narcotic addicted mothers

88
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Restlessness, seizures, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, tachycardia, hypertension, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest, nausea, vomiting, withdrawal symptoms in opiod addicted patients, diaphoresis.

89
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Drug interactions

A

Incompatible with bisulfate and alkaline solutions

90
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Adult dosage and administration

A

0.4 to 2 mg IV/IO/IM/subq/ET/IN(diluted); minimum single dose:2mg.
Repeat at 5 min intervals to a maximum total dose of 10mg

For IN route, administer half the dose in each nostril; maximum dose is 1 mL per nostril.

91
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

0.1 mg/kg per dose IV/IO/IM/ET every 2 minutes as needed. Maximum total dose of 2 mg. If no response in 10 min, administer an additional 0.1 mg/kg per dose

92
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Duration of Action

A

onset: Less than 2 min
peak: Variable
duration 30 to 60 min

93
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Pregnancy Safety category

A

C

94
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan) Special Considerations

A

Assist ventilations prior to administration to avoid sympathetic stimulation. Seizures without causal relationship have been reported. May not reverse hypotension. Use with caution when administering to narcotic addicts(potential violent behavior) Half life of naloxone is often shorter than the halflife narcotics; repeat dosing may be required. In cardiac arrest, naloxone is generally not beneficial.

95
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Class

A

Serotonin receptor antagonist, antiemetic

96
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Mechanism of Action

A

Blocks action of serotonin, a natural substance that causes nausea and vomiting

97
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Indications

A

Prevention and control of nausea or vomiting. Used in hospitals for patients undergoing chemotherapy or surgical procedures.

98
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Contraindications

A

Known hypersensitivity to ondansetron or other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

99
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Headache, malaise, wheezing, bronchospasm, AF abnormal ECG, prolonged QT interval, ST segment depression, second degree AV block, constipation, diarrhea, hives, skin rash

100
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Drug interactions

A

Not recommended if the patient is taking apomorphine, mesoridazine, pimozide, or thioridazine.

101
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Adult Dosage and Administration.

A

4 mg IV/IM/PO/SL, may repeat once in 10 minutes

Acute mountain sickness: 4 mg IV/PO/SL every 6 hours

102
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

between age 6 months and 14 years: 0.15 mg/kg IV/PO; max 4mg

103
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) duration of action

A

onset: 30 min
peak: 2 hours
duration: 3 to 6 hr

104
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Pregnancy Sagety Category

A

B

105
Q

Ondansetron Hydrochloride(Zofran) Special Considerations

A

Use with caution during pregnancy and while breastfeeding.

106
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Class

A

Pituitary Hormone

107
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Mechanism of action

A

Increases uterine contractions

108
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Indications

A

Postpartum hemorrhage after infant or placental delivery

109
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Contraindications

A

Presence of second fetus, unfavorable fetal position

110
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Adverse reactions and Side Effects.

A

Coma, seizures, anxiety, subarachnoid hemorrhage, hypotension, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, chest pain, nausea, vomiting, painful uterine contractions, uterine rupture

111
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Drug Interactions

A

Other vasopressors may potentiate hypotension

112
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

IM: 10 units IM following delivery of placenta.
IV: Mix 10 to 40 units in 1000 mL of nonhydrating diluent, infused at 20 to 40 milliunits/min. Titrated to severity of bleeding and uterine response.

113
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

Not applicable

114
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Duration of Action

A

onset: IM: 3 to 5 min ; IV: immediate
peak: variable
duration: IM: 30 to 60 min ; IV: 20 minutes after infusion is stopped.

115
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Pregnancy Safety Category

A

C

116
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin) Special Considerations

A

Monitor Vital signs including fetal heart rate and uterine tone closely

117
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Class

A

Antiemetic, typical antipsychotic

118
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Mechanism of Action

A

By depressing the chemoreceptor trigger zone, severe nausea and vomiting is reduced

119
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Indications

A

Nausea and vomiting

120
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, altered level of consciousness, children under 20 pounds (9 kg) or age 2 years.

121
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Aspiration, seizures, prolonged QT interval, extrapyramidal reactions.

122
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Drug interactions

A

CNS depressants, antihistamines, antipsychotics.

123
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

5 to 10 mg IV/IM/PO.

124
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Pediatric Dosage and Administration

A

Over age 2 or greater than 9 kg: 0.2 mg/kg slow IV or Deep IM; maximum dose is 10 mg

125
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Duration of action

A

onset: rapid
peak effect: 10 to 30 minutes
duration: 3 to 4 hours

126
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Pregnancy safety category

A

C

127
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Special Considerations

A

Contraindicated for use in women breastfeeding women

128
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Class

A

Phenothiazine, antiemetic, antihistamine

129
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Mechanism of Action

A

H-1 receptor antagonist; blocks action of histamine; possesses sedative, anti-motion, antiemetic, and anticholinergic activity; potentiates the effects of narcotics to induce analgesia

130
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Indications

A

Nausea/vomiting, motion sickness, sedation for patients in labor, potentiates the analgesic effects of
narcotics

131
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Contraindications

A

Coma, CNS depression from alcohol, barbiturates, or narcotics, Reye syndrome, lower respiratory symptoms(asthma)

132
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

A

Headache, Dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, restlessness, wheezing, chest tightness, thickening of bronchial secretions, palpitations, bradycardia, reflex tachycardia, QT prolongation, postural hypotension, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.

133
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Drug Interactions

A

Additive with other CNS depressants, increased extrapyramidal effects with MAOIs

134
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

12.5 to 25 mg IV, deep IM, PO, PR

135
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Pediatric Dosage and administration

A

older than 2: 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg deep IM

136
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Duration of action

A

onset: IV: immediate
peak: 30 to 60 min
duration: 4 to 6 hr

137
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Pregnancy Safety Category

A

C

138
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) Special Considerations

A

Convulsions and sudden death when used with children. Use with caution in patients with asthma, peptic ulcer, and bone marrow suppression. do not use in children with vomiting of unknown etiology. Avoid intra arterial injection. Warn patients of impending burning sensation. Some systems have removed IM administration because of reported pain and potential for tissue necrosis.

139
Q

Thiamine (B1) Class

A

Vitamin

140
Q

Thiamine (B1) Mechanism of Action

A

Assists in converting glucose into energy

141
Q

Thiamine (B1) Indications

A 
coma of unknown origin
Chronic alcoholism with associated coma
delirium tremens
precursor of d50 to prevent wernickes encephalopathy(problem with neurotransmitters in brain which results in retained altered LOC) in alcoholics
Beriberi (thiamine deficiency)
142
Q

Thiamine (B1) Contraindications

A

None

143
Q

Thiamine (B1) Precautions

A

When giving with D50 and Narcan, must precede d50 and give in the following order: Thiamin, D50, Narcan

144
Q

Thiamine (B1) Side Effects

A

Slight vasodilation and hypotension

Overdoses may result in weakness, dyspnea and respiratory failure(rare)

145
Q

Thiamine (B1) Adult Dosage and Administration

A

100 mg

146
Q

Thiamine (B1) Route

A

IV or IM

147
Q

Thiamine (B1) Pediatric Dosage

A

10 - 25 mg slow IV or IM

Paramedic (9 decks)

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