medical biotechnology Flashcards
also known as red biotech
medical biotechnology
the use of organisms and organisms-isolated materials for research and to produce diagnostic and therapeutic products that help to treat and prevent human diseases.
medical biotechnology
novel methodologies (7)
- PCR
- FISH
- genome editing
- gene sequencing
- microarrays
- cell culture
- gene silencing via RNA interference
CRISPR technology or CRISPR-Cas9 utilizes a protein
called ___, which acts like a pair of molecular scissors
and can cut DNA.
Cas9
specialized stretches of DNA and are used in medical biotechnology as a tool to edit genomes.
CRISPRs
____ is a controversial area of biomedical science. Some new studies even show that perhaps ____ can create tumors and cancer with DNA deletions that aren’t controlled or precise.
CRISPR, CRISPR technology
CRISPR allows scientists to alter DNA and modify gene functions, often called ________.
genetic engineering
works by injecting genetic code into skin cells, which turns
those skin cells into the other types of cells required for treating diseases.
Tissue Nanotransfection(TNT)
combining DNA molecules from two different species and then inserting that new DNA into a host organism. That host organism will produce new genetic combinations for
medicine, agriculture, and industry.
rDNA technology
Genetic and ancestry kits- helping people understand their
genetics and heritage.
Genetic testing from 23andMe
able to test for things like breast cancer by
looking at gene mutations.
saliva kits
kills 275,000 women annually
cevical cancer
a very common virus that is spread through sexual contact.
HPV
This vaccine can prevent most cases of cervical cancer if the vaccine is given before girls or women are exposed to the virus. This vaccine can also prevent vaginal and
vulvar cancer. In addition, the vaccine can prevent genital warts, anal cancers, and mouth, throat, head and neck cancers in men and women.
HPV vaccine
2 HPV vaccines in the market
Cervarix & Gardasil
undifferentiated cells that can turn into specific cells, as the
body needs them.
stem cells
a form of regenerative medicine that utilizes the body’s natural healing mechanism to treat various conditions
stem cell theraphy
classification of SCs
- totipotent
- pluripotent
- multipotent
- oligopotent
- unipotent
____ stem cells are the most potent, as their job is to become every type of cell in the body.
Embryonic
________: These stem cells can differentiate into all possible cell types.mThe first few cells that appear as the zygote starts to divide are _______.
________: These cells can turn into almost any cell. Cells from the early embryo are ________.
Totipotent
Pluripotent
These cells can differentiate into a closely related family of cells.
multipotent
adult hematopoietic stem cells ca become (3)
RBCs, WBCs, or platelets
These can differentiate into a few different cell types.
example:
oligopotent, myeloid or lymphoid stem cells
These can only produce cells of one kind, which is their own type. However, they are still stem cells because they can renew themselves.
example:
unipotent, adult muscle stem cells
medical and ethical issues of biotechnology
(5)
- risk to human life in clinical trials
- high-cost may exclude the poor
- privacy concerns
- opposing views on stem cell research
- bioterrorism is a national concern
HIPAA
health insurance poryability and accountability act
