Medical Advances in Biotechnology

Question 1

The Chinese use moldy curds as an antibiotic to treat boils

Answer 1

500 B.C.

Question 2

Janssen invents the microscope

Answer 2

1590

Question 3

Hooke discovers cells

Answer 3

1663

Question 4

Leeuwenhoek discovers bacteria and protozoa

Answer 4

1675

Question 5

First vaccination - Jenner inoculates a child with a viral vaccine to protect him from smallpox

Answer 5

1797

Question 6

The E. coli bacterium is discovered

Answer 6

1855

Question 7

The rabies vaccine is developed

Answer 7

1883

Question 8

The term “genetics” was first used

Answer 8

1906

Question 9

Bacterial viruses, called phages, are discovered

Answer 9

1915

Question 10

The word “biotechnology” is first used

Answer 10

1919

Question 11

Muller discovers that X-rays cause mutation

Answer 11

1927

Question 12

Fleming discovers penicillin

Answer 12

1928

Question 13

DNA is shown to be the building block of the gene

Answer 13

1944

Question 14

Pauling proves that sickle cell anemia is a “molecular disease” caused by a mutation

Answer 14

1949

Question 15

Cell-culturing techniques are first used

Answer 15

1954

Question 16

The DNA composition of humans is shown to be 99% similar to that of chimps and gorillas

Answer 16

1972

Question 17

North Carolina scientists, Hutchinson and Edgell, prove it is possible to introduce specific mutations at specific sites in a DNA molecule

Answer 17

1978

Question 18

1st mice to be successfully cloned

Answer 18

1981

Question 19

The first genetically-engineered vaccine is developed.

Answer 19

1984

Question 20

The first breast cancer gene is discovered

Answer 20

1994

Question 21

Scientists clone identical lambs from early embryonic sheep

Answer 21

1996

Question 22

Dolly the sheep is cloned

Answer 22

1997

Question 23

A rough draft of the human genome is completed

Answer 23

2000

Question 24

Pigs are the next animal cloned by researchers to help produce organs for human transplant

Answer 24

2000