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Anatomy Exam 3 > Mediastinum > Flashcards

Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

What is in the pericardium?

A

Heart

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2
Q

The visceral cavity is within the pericardium which includes

A

serous membrane
Arterial mesocardium
Venous mesocardium

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3
Q

The parietal pericardium is within the pericardium which includes

A

serous membrane

Fused to fibrous pericardium which fuses to central tendon of diaphragm and sternum

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4
Q

Transverse sinus

A

Space between arterial and venous mesocardium

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5
Q

Oblique sinus

A

Space between right and left pulmonary vein

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6
Q

Blood supply for pericardium include the

A

Pericardial arteries
Pericardiocophrenic arteries
Musculophrenic arteries

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7
Q

Nerve supply for pericardium

A

cranial nerve x
phrenic nerve
sympathetic trunk

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8
Q

The apex of the heart sits ___ while the base of heart is situated ____

A

down and left

superior to apex

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9
Q

What are the three layers of the heart?

A

External, Middle and Inner

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10
Q

The external layer of the heart also known as ____

A

epicardium which includes visceral layers of serous pericardium and subserous layer of connective tissue

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11
Q

The middle layer of the heart has ___

A

myocardium which the thickest layer with cardiac muscle tissue

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12
Q

The inner layer of the heart known as the

A

endocardium which has endothelium

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13
Q

What is the function for the annuli fibrosi?

A

rigid attachment for cardiac muscle fibers

Support for valves

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14
Q

Diaphragmatic surface

A

Rests on diaphragm

Includes mostly less ventricle and small part of right

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15
Q

Sternocostal surface

A

Faces anteriorly in mostly the right ventricle

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16
Q

Left margin border

A

Left side of heart formed mostly of left ventricle and left auricle

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17
Q

Inferior margin

A

Intersection of diaphragmatic and sternocostal surfaces formed mostly from right ventricle

18
Q

Superior border

A

Left and right atria and auricles

19
Q

Right coronary artery supply

A

Supplies the right atrium, right ventricle and posterior half of interventricular septum

20
Q

Right coronary artery branches into

A

artery to SA node, AV node, right marginal artery and posterior interventricular artery

21
Q

Blood supply to the heart is via two coronary arteries which are off the ____.

A

ascending aorta

22
Q

The right coronary artery travels between___ and ___ to ____ and ends at ____.

A

Pulmonary trunk
Right auricle
Coronary Sulcus
Diaphragmatic surfaces

23
Q

The left coronary artery passes between ___ and ___

A

pulmonary trunk and left atrium

24
Q

Left coronary artery supplies

A

left atrium, left ventricle and anterior half of interventricular septum

25
Q

The left coronary artery branches into

A

anterior interventricular artery
circumflex artery
left marginal artery

26
Q

The coronary sinus is located in the posterior coronary sulcus which opens into the

A

right atrium as a direct continuation of the great cardiac vein

27
Q

Right atrium receives blood from

A

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
Coronary Sinus
Anterior cardiac veins

28
Q

Right atrium has a (thicker/thinner) wall than right ventricle

A

thinner

29
Q

The right atrium has two subchambers known as

A

main posterior cavity and anterior cavity

30
Q

What are four special components of the right ventricle?

A

Moderator band

Chordae tendinae

31
Q

Right ventricle has two valves:

A

tricuspid valve

Pulmonary valve

32
Q

left atrium receives blood from?

A

pulmonary veins

33
Q

Compared to right atrium, left atrium has a smaller and (thicker/thinner) wall.

A

thicker with pectinate muscles**

34
Q

The left ventricle has two valves:

A

aortic valve

mitral/bicuspid valve

35
Q

The left and right ventricle have papillary muscles, except the left has

A

2 large ones

36
Q

What are the two branches of ascending aorta?

A

two coronary arteries

37
Q

What are the three main branches of the aortic arch?

A

Brachiocephalic
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

38
Q

What marks the beginning and end of the descending aorta?

A

Beginning–> Sternal angle

End–>Front of thoracic vertebra 12

39
Q

Branches of the descending aorta

A

Paired intercostal arteries
Paired subcostal arteries
Two or more bronchial arteries
Two to five esophageal arteries

40
Q

Internal thoracic artery starts ____ and descending lateral to sternum and branches into

A 
root of neck
Musculophrenic
Superior epigastric
Pericardiophrenic
perforating branches
41
Q

Left and right brachiopcephalic veins formed from

A

internal jugular

subclavian

42
Q

The azygos system drains ____

A

most of blood from thoracic wall

Anatomy Exam 3 (8 decks)

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