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Anatomy > Mediastinum > Flashcards

Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three sections of the mediastinum?

A

Superior
Inferior
Posterior

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2
Q

at what vertebral level is the aortic pulmonary window?

A

T4/T5

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3
Q

What is the aortic pulmonary Windows boundaries?

A

Bounded by superior surface of aortic arch
And superior surface of right pulmonary artery
(Boundary between superior + inferior mediastina)

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4
Q

What are the subdivisions of the mediastinum?

A

Superior

Inferior- anterior, middle, posterior

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5
Q

Which division of the mediastinum does the heart lie?

A

Middle mediastinum of the inferior mediastinum

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6
Q

What are the superior boundaries of the mediastinum?

A

Anterior: sternum
Posterior: vertebral column (t1 to t4/5)
Lateral: L & R parietal pleurae

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7
Q

what are the contents of the superior mediastinum?

A 
Thymus
Brachiocephalic lymph nodes
Left and right Brachiocephalic veins 
Superior half of superior vena  cava 
Aortic attach and its branches
Left and right phrenic nerves
Left and right vagus nerve
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Trachea and associates lymph nodes 
Oesophagus 
Thoracic duct
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8
Q

Boundaries of Anterior mediastinum?

A 
Superior: sternal angle 
Anterior: sternum 
Posterior: fibrous pericardium (heart)
Lateral: L & R parietal pleurae 
Inferior:
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9
Q

What are the contents of the mediastinum?

A

Loose connective tissue
Thymus
Internal thoracic blood vessels
Parasternal lymph nodes

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10
Q

What are the boundaries of the middle mediastinum?

A

anterior: fibrous pericardium
Posterior: fibrous pericardium, tracheal bifurcation, and primary bronchus
Lateral: L and R parietal pleurae

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11
Q

What are the contents of the middle mediastinum?

A

Heart
Great vessels of the heart
Left and right phrenic nerves

Terminal end of trachea and primary bronchi

Bronchitracheal lymph nodes

Left and right pulmonary arteries and veins

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12
Q

Boundaries of posterior mediastinum?

A

Anterior: fibrous pericardium, tracheal bifurcation and primary bronchi
Posterior: vertebral column (T4/5 to T12)
Lateral: L & R parietal pleurae

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13
Q

What are the contents of the posterior mediastinum?

A 
Descending aorta 
Oesophagus 
Vagus nerves
Thoracic duct 
Azygos, hemiazygos and accessory azygos veins 
Posterior mediastinal lymph nodes
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14
Q

Where does the apex of the heart lie?

A

Deep to the 5th intercostal space

7-9cm to left of midline

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15
Q

Where is the base of the heart located?

A

Opposite to the apex and forms the posterior aspect

T6-T9

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Anatomy (7 decks)

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