MEDIA-THEORIST

Question 1

Lisebet Van Zoonen (feminist theory)

Answer 1

men and women are represented differently in the media, women are objectified as a result of western culture.

Question 2

bell hooks (feminist theory)

Answer 2

Feminism is a political struggle to end patriarchal domination and other factors affect this domination including race and class.

Question 3

Roland Barthes (semiotics theory)

Answer 3

All elements of a media text are codes that need to be read. these can all be understood as the thing they (denotative level) and the responses they create( connotative level)

Question 4

Tzvetan Todorov (narratology theory)

Answer 4

Narratives follow a pattern of Equilibrium>Disruption>New Equilibrium

Question 5

Claude Levi-Strauss (binary opposition theory)

Answer 5

The conflict between binary opposites drives forward the narrative.

Question 6

Steve Neale (genre theory)

Answer 6

Genre is recognisable but does change over time or borrow from other genres. Genre is important to an institution because it helps then market text.

Question 7

Jean Baudrillard (semiotics theory)

Answer 7

The lines between a created text and reality become blurred, for example the perfect Instagram images seem “real”

Question 8

Curran and Seaton (power and media industries theory)

Answer 8

If we had more of a variety of media companies, we’d have more of a variety of text.

Question 9

Livingstone and Lunt (regulation theory)

Answer 9

Who is regulation FOR? can regulation keep up with new technologies?

Question 10

David Hesmondhalgh (cultural industries theory)

Answer 10

Industry uses tried and tested strategies to appeal to us-but we should be concerned that only a dew companies hold a lot of power.

Question 11

Clay Shirky (end of audience theory)

Answer 11

We are now more likely to use the internet and other technologies to respond to texts, including creating our own.

Question 12

Henry Jenkins (participatory cultural theory)

Answer 12

The internet has allowed fans to gather and create their own media text and easily share their work, instead of just consuming the text audience are creating them.

Question 13

Stuart Hall (reception theory)

Answer 13

producers want audience to respond in a particular way to a text, some audience do (preferred reading), some audiences dont (Oppositional reading) and some are in the middle (negotiated reading).

Question 14

George Gerbner (cultivation theory)

Answer 14

The more we see the same representation and messages, the more we think they are real, the more we believe.

Question 15

Albert Bandura (effect debate theory)

Answer 15

If a audience see aggressive behaviour they are likely ti mimic it, WARNING- a theory that is contested.

Question 16

Paul Gilroy (ethnicity and postconlonialism theory)

Answer 16

Even though we are no longer have colonies, the representation of these groups is still affected by the time.

Question 17

Judith Butler (gender performtivity)

Answer 17

Gender is a social construct-“masculine” and “feminine” are create through repetition.

Question 18

David Gauntlett (theory of idenitity)

Answer 18

We use the internet and other media text to help us create our identity. We now have more of a variety of representation to identify with.

Question 19

Blumer and Kaz (uses and gratification theory)

Answer 19

• Education and information
• Escapism and entertainment
• Identity
• Social interaction

Question 20

Laura Mulvey’s (male gaze theory)

Answer 20

Mulvey’s argument was that the media largely controlled by men and women are frequently represented in the media in a way that objectifies them, for the pleasure of them