Media Flashcards
Voting Behaviour
Newspaper U.K.-US
In the 2020 US Presidential election, Biden won the endorsement of 47 of US top 100 daily newspapers (he won the election), compared to in the U.K. 5 of the top 10 selling daily newspapers endorsed the Conservative Party (Conservatives won) in the 2019 UK General Election
Both examples are the biggest endorsements in the country
Voting Behaviour
Aussie-UK link
Aussie media bias towards liberal party
(the Liberal Party is a right wing party) who won 44% of the vote (the most) in the 2019
Australian election compared to the Conservatives (who the media favour too) who won also
44% of the vote which was the most.
Richard Gilles says “Australia’s mainstream news media is largely tied to the Liberal Party”
US - U.K. Media link of Immigration
Public Attitudes
In the US, many newspapers and tv channels e.g Fox News focused on the high number of immigrants entering the US from Mexico with 33% of Americans in 2021 wanting to decrease immigration, and 53% of British people in 2018 believe immigration is too high after many newspapers reporting the high numbers of immigrants entering the country and how it’s out of control, both countries the media have linked immigrants to terrorists and crime.
Worth noting Leave Campaign caused a lot of anti immigration so not completely media fault as make you look smart.
Social Media Public attitudes U.K. Australia
On instagram U.K. PM Boris Johnson has 1.4 million followers compared to the Australian PM Scott Morrison who had 283,000 followers (both stats in 2021).
U.K. pop over double Australia pop. Way insta works is it allows famous people to have more influence. Insta allows Polticians this influence not Polticians.
Decision making Europe Does media make decisions
Really practice argument
In 2014 a survey found 59% of Spanish
Politicians and 48% of Danish politicians believe the media rather than Politicians decide
which issues are important in politics.
Scottish and Aussie sackings
Decision Making
In 2020 Nicola Sturgeon (Scottish First Minister sacked (technically asked her to resign) Scotland’s chief medical advisor after the Scottish Sun released
a photo of her breaking lockdown rules and in Australia 2021 Christian Porter (a minister) wasn’t sacked by Scott Morrison (PM) after ABC News reported rape allegations against Porter but Porter did resign.
Experts
Dr Mike Berry rightly says “Before the 2016 Brexit Referendum campaign even began it is important to recognise that large parts of the public had been primed
by the media to be Eurosceptic.”
Neil T Gavin argues “there is ample evidence that the media can impact on attitude formation”
Experts Stefaan Walgrave and Jonas Lefevere wrongly argue “the media’s impact on public policy simply is too broad a question to be answered”
Theories (Important as used all 4/5 of these in my essay)
“Agenda Setting theory (Media tells Politicians what issues to think about) is more
relevant rather than Inducing Theory (the Media tells politicians what to think)” - middle bit is my opinion from an essay
Framing Theory is important that the media portrayal of an issue can influence public opinion.
5. Hostile media effect - media is reporting so many negative stories that people always see the negative side of the world Radicals disagreeing with other media who they think bias 1. Mediamalaise What the media mainly says the people believing - Media not representing people e.g talking about holidays with Covid not for prelim
Reinforcement theory is also very important as the media can influence someone who is slightly in favour of their point of view in an issue to believe their point of view even more as people often choose media they agree with leading to an echo chamber affect making their opinion even stronger.
LofA
Big role in democratic process as decides often what main issue is and what people think about certain issues
Democratic
Yes- People choose what media they comsume
No- Media psychologically makes people think in certain ways
Still think overall democratic as checks government
