Ideologies Flashcards
Economic Tax Revenue of national income 2016
Dc
U.K. 33% Denmark 46%
US 26% Canada 32% (maybe don’t need the Canada one)
Welfare - Conservative basic
Many believe one nation Conservatism response to socialism. Keeping NHS which Labour introduced
Healthcare and Education- Conservatism believes in hierarchy but one nation conservatism helps nation
Economy- Top Earner Tax £344,000
U.K. - 51% tax in 2016
Germany 2016 - 47%
Belgium 2016 67%
Both Conservative at the time
U.K. and US Healthcare and policy
U.K. NHS ensures free public health care payed by tax but prescription drugs still cost in England but are free to some including poorer people. Also there is still the Private Healthcare option maintaining hierarchy in health as easier access to treatment for example.
US no universal healthcare, private healthcare insurance required and treatment costs money
Labour U.K.
2019 manifesto
Increase health budget by 4.3%
-NHS healthcare for all
Health Spending Would Increase by 23% Under Biden Budget
-private healthcare costs thousands especially in the US to get better healthcare-2021
Welfare- Private Education
U.K.- 7% of pupils go to Private fee paying Schools
USA - 10% of pupils go to Private fee paying schools
Party success- Extra Knowledge U.K.
Conservatives are in the U.K. Government and won 44% in the 2019 General Election
Labour are in the opposition after only winning only 32% of the vote in the U.K. in 2019
The Liberal Democrats won only 12% of the vote in 2019
US Party Success Extra Knowledge
US Presidential Election 2020
Trump won 47% of the vote and Biden won 51% of the vote
Economy Minimum Wage
Conservatives April 2022 minus wage is £9.50
Biden is trying to raise the Minimum Wage to $15 a week and in the U.K.
Labour members have voted in favour of a £15 per hour minimum wage amid a row over the policy at its conference.
The vote is not binding, but comes after MP Andy McDonald resigned from shadow cabinet, saying he had been ordered to argue against the rise.
The leadership did not encourage members to back or reject the motion.
But earlier, Sir Keir Starmer told Sky News he stood by the party’s current policy of raising the minimum wage to “at least” £10 an hour.
Liberal Party Success
Lib Dems in the U.K. won 12% of the vote in 2019
Biden won 51% of the vote in the 2020 US Election
Liberal Party won 33% of the vote in Canada is the Governing Party 2021
Free Democrats (Germany) and won just 12% of the vote in 2021
University
Norway - Free for all
England £9,250 for U.K. People per year.
Education Policies
Labour under Corbyn manifesto despite policy of abolishing private schools passed at conference. There is a firm commitment to remove their charity status.-2019
2020 Manifesto Biden
Free Pre School for all 3-4year olds
Liberal Democrats 2019 want 20,000 more teachers (leads to smaller class sizes like private schools)
Immigration systems
Boris Johnson in 2020 or 2021 check wants a points based system for immigration meaning more skilled workers rather than low skilled workers will enter the country. Brexit allows Boris to do this and Boris campaigned for Brexit.
Both Australia and British systems include jobs, degrees and ability to speech a level of English.
Immigration Barriers
U.K. and Australia are islands so have decent control. Wall shows determination to protect country so very conservative and nationalist
The Trump administration say they’ve completed more than 400 miles of border wall since then.
It’s 452 miles (727 km) in total, according to the latest US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) information (4 January 2021). 1,900 miles.
• Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements Executive Order Trump 2017 included laws to restrict immigration and punish illegal immigrants. Included “secure the southern border of the United States through the immediate construction of a physical wall on the southern border, monitored and supported by adequate personnel so as to prevent illegal immigration, drug and human trafficking, and acts of terrorism;”
Tariffs
The UK-EU secures zero tariffs and quotas on goods moving between the EU and UK, provided those goods meet the rules of origin (RoO) 2020
Biden
Under the agreement, the US will replace the 25% tariffs on steel with a quota system.
The policy will let UK metal imports into the country duty-free up to a certain level - the quota - before taxes kick in again
Two Types of Socialism
B. Democratic Socialism: - Corbyn (he may be slightly more radical)
• Less inequality
• Democratically-elected Government
• A lot of government control (progressive tax, nationalisation, welfare state)
• Peaceful
• Multi-party state okay
• Capitalism is bad but necessary
C. Social democracy: - Blair and Brown • Less inequality • Democratically-elected government • Some government control but ‘light touch’ on the economy • Capitalism is okay/good
Foreign Born Citezens
Fb
Foreign Born Citezens
US have over 50 million foreign born citizens (population is 330 million)
Germany have over 15 million foreign born citizens (population is 83 million)
Liberalism Quotes
“Liberalism is Dead” Vicky Osterwell
David Rovinsky “The alleged triumph of liberalism is globalisation”
Andrew Fawcett “most obvious current failing is letting the power of market run out of control“ Liberalism Failing and against Equality of Oppertunity
Conservatism Quotes
Duncan Weldon
“Higher-tax Britain, then, is here to stay.”
Andy Becket “its ideas are dead in the water”
-Conservative
The Critic Phillips O’Brien says “we should stop using the word “conservative” to describe the Republicans and Conservatives.”
Socialism Quotes
Duncan Weldon “Higher-tax Britain, then, is here to stay.”
“Our foreign policy’s primary goal should be to unite workers across borders to limit the power of capitalists.” Richard Lachmann (latching inequality together)
ROBERT VERKAIK
“Private education is not fair
Nationalism Quotes
Andrew Haywood
“Nationalism is highly relevant in the world today because of various countries attempts at self-assertion”
Jonathan Hearn:
“Where we find globalisation, we should expect to find nationalism”
“Nation-building in liberal Democratic societies is never finished”
International organisations
- Trump who was us President 2017-2021 called NATO “obsolete” (largely due to fact USA one of only a few NATO states who payed their fees) but he did change his stance
- Boris Johnson supposedly a nationalist very keen for the UN 🇺🇳 to try to tackle climate change. However obviously Boris is a Brexiteers who lead the country out of the EU.
Liberalism Welfare - Drugs
Justin Truedo
In the last few years
A. Legalise Marijuana and Cannabis
Biden promised to decrimilise Majriana and reduce the number of prisoners in the last couple of years but has failed to have action
Small extent as promises but no action like lot of world
Rare although Scotland maybe moving towards decriminalising drugs
Effectively decrimiling possession of class a possession in 2021
International Students
Norway has free University for International Students
U.K. for International Undergraduate students usually costs between £10,000 and £20,000 annually which is considerably more than home based £9,250
Scottish drugs
Effectively decrimiling possession of class a possession in 2021
More Liberalism but also Conservativism Covid
Nations globally restricted People’s liberties to tackle Covid with lockdowns and mandatory masks for example. England had 3 lockdowns between 2020 and 2021 and NZ and China adopted Zero Covid policies aiming to completely whipe out Covid.
Definitions Liberal is focus
Liberal Conservatism - low state control Socially and Economically
One Nation Conservatism - Help everyone so not two nations of rich and poor but one good nation. Basically helping country. Doesn’t really mention equality, give everyone a chance but not equal chance.
Conservative Nationalism is exclusive while Liberal Nationalism is more open to diversity (think SNP and UKIP)
A. Democratic Socialism: - Corbyn (he may be slightly more radical)
• Less inequality
• Democratically-elected Government
• A lot of government control (progressive tax, nationalisation, welfare state)
• Peaceful
• Multi-party state okay
• Capitalism is bad but necessary
B. Social democracy: - Blair and Brown • Less inequality • Democratically-elected government • Some government control but ‘light touch’ on the economy • Capitalism is okay/good
Classical Liberalism: Low State intervention, Lassez Faire, economy can do what it likes. Kinda like Liberal Conservatism
Modern Liberalism: Welfare needed to protect individual from social evils
Help get individuals to a point where they can take responsibility for their own circumstances and choices
Nationalising the Railway
Labour:
2019 mainefsto
Nationalise key industries
The party will nationalise the so-called big six energy firms, National Grid, the water industry, Royal Mail, railways and the broadband arm of BT.
U.K. railway isn’t nationalised and is privately owned mostly by foreign owners which is clearly not nationalist.
A lot of US Railway is nationalised but not all of it.
Populism
Nigel Farage against EU Establishment
52% vote in favour of Brexit but Brexit to do with Immigration too rather than just resentment of the establishment.
Trump hating Biden for Immigration stuff.
All about for the people.
Remember “America First” “Build Back Better”
Nationalism new definition (just to have more ideas)
Nationalism is a belief and political ideology that the sovereignty, interests and identity of one’s own nation take precedence over other states and groups of people.
Maybe use Biden and immgrants
NOT USING AS NOT NEEDED TO WRITE EXCELLENT IDEOLOGY ESSAYS
On January 23, 2021, Biden introduced an immigration bill to Congress. As introduced, the bill would give a path to citizenship to 11 million undocumented immigrants currently living in the United States.
Corbyn populist?
“For the many, not the few” Ordianry people v establishment? Not ordinary people. Many includes everyone.
He’s all about decreasing inequality
Overall ideology Essay
Themes: Conservatism,
Tax
Health
Socialism,
Minimum Wage
Private Schools
Nationalism,
International Organisations
Immigration if needed
Populism - Coryn? Boris? Trump?
Brexit
Mention Conservatives promise in manifesto to leave at end of January 2020 which they did.
Liberalism for argument
Even if globalisation is in trouble. EU, NATO and UN been tightened by Ukraine Russia war and working together by many economic sanctions on Russia for example.
