meded lectures path

Question 1

3 stages of TB

Answer 1

primary
latent - gohn focus(this is the central bit of a caseating granuloma) / granuloma forms
secondary - reactvtion due to immunsupression

Question 2

miliary TB

Answer 2

haemotogenoous spread

Question 3

how to test for latent TB?

Answer 3

mantoux test

this will be postiive if you have the BCG vaccine

Question 3

rash assoicated with TB is called ….

Answer 3

lupus vulgaris

Question 4

side effect of isoniazid ?

Answer 4

peripheral neuropathy (I so numb azid )

give pyridoxine (vit B6)

Question 5

pyrazinamde side effect ?

Answer 5

hepatitis

Question 6

thickening of nerves ?

Answer 6

leprasy (M. Leprae)

Question 7

pathogen for pool owners / sea creatures

Answer 7

M marinarium

Question 8

pathogen for infective endocarditis for dental procedure

Answer 8

• Poor dental hygiene (Strep. Viridans)

Question 9

infective endocarditis most common path

Answer 9

staph aureus

Question 10

infective endocarditis post valvular sugrery ?

Answer 10

staph epidermis (first 2 months)
after 2 months its staph aureus

Question 11

nausea and vomtiing after a bbq what organism?

Answer 11

depends on timing… if it was immedtaiely then its staph aueus (2-4 hour incubation period)

if its after a while then its the classic campylobacter

Question 12

organism for travellers diarhheoa ?

Answer 12

e coli

Question 13

proteus infection associated with what type of kidney stone ?

Answer 13

struvite stones

staghorn calculi

Question 14

how to manage UTI ?

Answer 14

uncomplicated - 3 day course

male , complicated UTI - 7 day course

use nitrofurentoin / trimethoprim

A complicated UTI is any UTI other than a simple UTI, as defined above. Therefore, all UTIs in immunocompromised patients, males, pregnant patients, and those associated with fevers, stones, sepsis, urinary obstruction, catheters, or involving the kidneys are considered complicated infections.

Question 15

what do you do for asymptoatic bacteruria ?

Answer 15

do not treat unless pregagnt

(if pregannt avoid trimethoprim in first trimester and avoid nitrofurentoin clsoe to term - can cause haemolysis of newborn)

patients who have a long term catheter are likely to have asymptomatic bacteruira

Question 15

patient with sickle cell gets osteomyletiis what pathoegn ?

Answer 15

salmonella

if someone has sickle cell its likely to be salmonella

Question 16

why do you give dexamethasone in meningitis ?

Answer 16

sensorinueral hearing loss

Question 17

brain abscess in HIV what is it ?

Answer 17

toxoplasmosis

Question 17

treponema pallidum - what does this pathogen cause ?

Answer 17

syphillis

Question 17

syphilis tx =

Answer 17

Treatment: Single dose IM Benzathine Penicillin (Doxycycline if allergic)

Question 18

what pathogen for genital warts ?

Answer 18

HPV