Med Term Review Flashcards
hypo-
below normal
peri-
around; over; surrounding
ante-
before
caud/o
tail
sub-
under
-oma
tumor; mass
-logist
the study of
-gen
substance that produces
hyper-
above normal
-ostomy/stomy
surgical opening
-algia
pain
-plasty
surgical repair
-ic
pertaining to
tachy-
fast
viscer/o
internal organs
cyt/o
cell
anti-
against
epi-
over; on; upon
-ectomy
surgical removal
-tomy; -otomy
surgical incision
-centesis
surgical puncture
brady-
slow
-pathy
disease
abd
abdominal
ER
emergency room
hs
bed time
y/o
years old
pt
patient
VS
vital signs
CBC
complete blood count
EKG
electrocardiogram
NPO
nothing by mouth/last eaten
wt
weight
OR
operating room
WNL
within normal limits
c/o
complains of
ht
height
NKA
no known allergies
important for meds
@
at
SOB
shortness of breath
STAT
immediately
transverse
across the body, top and bottom
coronal/frontal
through the ears, front + back
sagittal
cuts into unequal right and left chunks
midsagittal
cuts into equal right and left chunks
anterior
frontal/coronal plane
dorsal
in back
posterior
in back
ventral
frontal/coronal plane
superior/cephalic
toward the head
inferior/caudal
below; bottom
distal
most distal from point of origin
lateral
to the side/outside the body
midline
line that runs through the center of the body
proximal
sagittal plane, closest point of origin/extremities
medial
toward the middle
what is the universal position
anatomical position
fowlers
comfort + rest (semi sitting; head is elevated) used in OBGYN
lateral position
most common recovery position; lying on the side
prone
lying flat with face down; tx for breast cancer; bedsore; sleeping and resting position in kids; tx in some radiation cancer therapy
supine
on back; for MRI and CT scans
Sim’s
rectal exams ONLY; prone but with one leg at 90 degree angle
Knee Chest
lying down with knees bent while on knees and chest; rectal AND pelvic exams
Acute
rapid onset; short duration; curable with no lasting side effects; days to 3 weeks
Chronic
gradual onset; not curable; symptoms can come and go; really bad in the US
Benign
not cancerous (not invading neighboring tissue); not destroying
Malignant
cancerous; attacks tissue
Metastasis
when a tumor goes to another area; prognosis is usually bad
congenital
present at birth; cleft lip
convalescence
period of time where the patient is gradually recovering
genetic
passed from parents
iatrogenic
doctor produced condition; chemo = hairloss
idiopathic (doctor is an idiot)
unknown cause of etiology (cause/origin)
inflammatory
causes inflammation; redness, swelling, heat, fever; -itis
ischemic
severely decreased or absence of blood flow to an area of the body
neoplastic
new, abnormal growth; benign or malignant
nosocomial
an infection acquired at the hospital that was not present upon admission; MRSA, pneumonia
opportunistic
a pathogen that doesn’t normally cause a disease is able to
terminal
disease which there is tx but no cure; fatal
autoimmune
the patients own immune system is causing the disorder; RA;Multiple Sclerosis(MS); no NSAIDs and tx is limited
derm/o
skin
-esthesia
sensation; feeling
lip/o
fat
-opsy
examination or inspection
blephar/o
eyelid
xer/o
dry
pil/o
hair; hair follicle
psor/o
itching
cyan/o
blue
cauter/o
burn; heat
-osis
abnormal condition
necr/o
dead
cry/o
cold
onchy/o
nail
jaund/o
yellow
melan/o
black
carcin/o
cancer
-derma/-dermis
skin
albin/o
white
prurit/o
itching
erythem/o
redness
ecchym/o
blood in the tissues (bruise)
a-; an-
not; without
sweat gland
sudoriferous gland
oil gland
sebaceous gland
structures in the integ. system
epidermis;dermis;hypodermis; hair; nail; glands
papule
1st; a red solid skin elevation w/ a diameter of < 1cm
nodule
2nd; red solid skin elevation w/ a diameter of > 1 cm
pustule
(think pus is in pimple) 3rd stage; a small infected skin elevation that contains abscess (pus)
cyst
a think-walled pouch or sac containing fluid + pus down deep; from bacteria not viral
macule
freckle
verruca
wart; viral infection
wheals
hives: slightly swollen area that is red or paler than surrounding skin; autoimmune condition or from allergic reaction on the skin
tinea
in foot = athletes foot; anywhere else = ringworm; fungus; must come in contact
is corticosteroids better to take orally or localized injection
localized
anti-inflammatory drugs
corticosteroids; 3 months max
NSAIDS; 10 days max
eczema
dermatitis (general term); autoimmune; acute or chronic skin lesions characterized by erythema, itchiness; and edema; smaller skin area; skin only
psoriasis
eczema on steroids; dry, scaly, itchy patches on skin; attacks joints AND skin
what do you say to someone who is not very medically educated when they have a tumor?
a mass; lesion or space occupying lesion
SOL
space occupying lesion
shin
tibia
knee cap
patella
funny bone
humerus
collar bone
clavicle
fingers
phalanges
palm of hand
metacarpals
shoulder blade
scapula
wrist
carpals
arch of foot
metatarsals
fibr/o
fiber
cost/o
rib
myel/o
bone marrow; spinal cord
orth/o
bone
carp/o
wrist
-scopy
visual exam using a scope
dys-
painful; difficult
kines/o
movement
-gram
to record
arthr/o
joint
syn-
together; with
fx
fracture
BP
blood pressure
what is normal BP range?
120/80
when should a pt BP be concerning?
140/90
LS
lumbosacral (lower part of the spine); in between the sacrum and lumbar
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging; coffin
OTC
over the counter (NSAIDS)
PFT
personal fitness trainer; pulmonary function test
lei/o
smooth
my/o
muscle
chondr/o
cartilage
crani/o
skull
-algia
pain
narc/o
numbness; sleep; stupar
-trophy
condition of growth or development
flex/o
to bend
spondyl/o
vertebrae; backbone
pyret/o
fever
ped/o
foot;child
pod/o
foot
ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
NSAID
non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug
L
lumbar
PO
by mouth
DTR
deep tendon reflexs
RICE
rest, ice compression, elevation
hemi-
half
-ectomy
surgical removal; exicision
oste/o
bone
-spasm
sudden involuntary contraction
acr/o
extremities
-penia
deficiency
brachi/o
arms
sarc/o
flesh
neur/o
brain
-asthenia
weakness; w/o sensation
-plegia
paralysis
-paresis
weakness
-desis
to bind; tie together
intra-
within; into
inter-
between; (you “inter” BETWEEN poles)
amb
ambuilate
ambuilate
to walk
CFT
certified fitness trainer
R
respiration
prn
as needed
PT
physical therapy
ROM
range of motion
active ROM
pt moves
passive ROM
you move the PT
arteri/o
artery
coron/o
heart
coagul/o
clotting
angi/o
vessel (blood)
phleb/o
vein
-stenosis
narrowing; tightening
-sclerosis
hardening
echo-
reflected sound
dia-
through; throughout; completely
-emic/-emia
blood condition
-lytic
loosen; divide; cut apart
sphygm/o
pulse; (think sphygmomanometer) BP measurer
ather/o
plaque
son/o
sound
thromb/o
clot; coagulation
what are OTC meds?
NSAIDs; aleve, advil, tylenol; 10 days MAX; anti-inflammatory
what is the key to reduce OA for bed ridden pts?
ROM therapy
