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HOE Final > Med Term, Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Med Term, Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

0
Q

Acromion

A

Part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle.

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1
Q

Acetabulum

A

Cup-shaped depression in the hip bone into which the top of the femur fits.

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2
Q

Amohiathrosis

A

Cartilaginous joint having some movement at the union of two bones.

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3
Q

Ankle

A

Hinged area between the lower leg bones and the bones of the foot.

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4
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Cartilage at a joint.

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5
Q

Articulation

A

Point at which two bones join together to allow movement.

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6
Q

Atlas

A

First cervical vertebra.

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7
Q

Axis

A

Second cervical vertebra.

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8
Q

Bone

A

Hard connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body.

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9
Q

Bone head

A

Upper, rounded end of a bone.

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10
Q

Bone phagocyte

A

Bone cell that ingests dead bone and bone debris.

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11
Q

Bursa

A

Sac lines with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons and joints.

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12
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone.

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13
Q

Calcium

A

Mineral important in the formation of bone.

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14
Q

Cancellous bone

A

Spongy bone with a latticelike structure.

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15
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Striated involuntary muscle of the heart.

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16
Q

Carpus, carpal bone

A

Wrist; wrist bone.

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17
Q

Cartilage

A

Flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and the lining of various parts of the body.

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18
Q

Cartilaginous disk

A

Thick, circular mass if cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.

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19
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

Seven vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck.

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20
Q

Clavicle

A

Curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collar bone.

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21
Q

Coccyx

A

Small bone consisting of four fused vertebrae at the end if the spinal column; tailbone.

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22
Q

Compact bone

A

Hard bone with a tightly woven structure.

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23
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded surface at the end of a bone.

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24
Q

Crest

A

Bony ridge.

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25
Q

Diaphysis

A

Long middle section of a long bone; shaft.

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26
Q

Diarthoses

A

Freely moveable joints.

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27
Q

Disk

A

Thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.

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28
Q

Dorsal vertebrae

A

Thoracic vertebrae.

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29
Q

Elbow

A

Joint between the upper arm and the forearm.

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30
Q

Endosteum

A

Lining of the medullary cavity.

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31
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

Cartilaginous tissue that is replaced during growth years, but eventually calcifies and disappears when growth stops.

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32
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

Irregular bone of the face attached to the sphenoid bone.

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33
Q

Ethmoid sinuses

A

Sinuses on both sides of the nasal cavities between each eye and the sphenoid sinuses.

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34
Q

Fascia

A

Sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses muscles.

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35
Q

Femur

A

Long bone of the thigh.

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36
Q

Fibula

A

Smallest long bone of the lower leg.

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37
Q

Fissure

A

Deep furrow or slit.

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38
Q

Flat bones

A

Thin, flattened bones that cover certain areas, as of the skull.

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39
Q

Fontanelle

A

Soft, membranous section on top of an infant’s skull.

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40
Q

Foramen

A

Opening or perforation through a bone.

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41
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.

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42
Q

Fossa

A

Depression, as in a bone.

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43
Q

Frontal bone

A

Large bone of the skull that forms the top of the head and forehead.

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44
Q

Frontal sinuses

A

Sinuses above the eyes.

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45
Q

Heel

A

Back, rounded portion of the foot.

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46
Q

Humerus

A

Long bone of the arm connecting to the scapula on top and the radius and ulna at the bottom.

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47
Q

Ilium

A

Wide portion of the hip bone.

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48
Q

Insertion

A

Point at which a muscle attaches to a movable bone.

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49
Q

Intervertebral disk

A

Thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.

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50
Q

Involuntary muscle

A

Muscle not movable at will.

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51
Q

Irregular bones

A

Any of a group of bones with a special shape to fit into a certain areas of the skeleton, such as the skull.

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52
Q

Ischium

A

One of three fused that form the pelvic girdle.

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53
Q

Joint

A

Place of joining between two or more bones.

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54
Q

Lacrimal bone

A

Thin, flat bone of the face.

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55
Q

Lamina

A

Thin, flat part of either side of the arch of a vertebrae.

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56
Q

Ligament

A

Sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone.

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57
Q

Long bone

A

Any bone of the extremities with a shaft.

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58
Q

Lumbar vertebrae

A

Five vertebrae of the lower back.

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59
Q

Malleolus

A

Rounded protrusion of the tibia or fibula on either side of the ankle.

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60
Q

Mandible

A

U-shaped bone of the lower jaw

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61
Q

Mandibular bone

A

Mandible

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62
Q

Marrow

A

Connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often right in nutrients.

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63
Q

Mastoid process

A

Protrusion of the temporal bone that sits behind the ear.

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64
Q

Maxillary bone

A

Bone of the upper jaw

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65
Q

Maxillary sinus

A

Sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes.

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66
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Soft center cavity in bone that often holds marrow.

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67
Q

Metacarpal

A

One of five bones of the hand between the wrist and fingers.

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68
Q

Metaphysis

A

Section of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis.

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69
Q

Metatarsal bones

A

Bones of the foot between the instep (arch) and the toes.

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70
Q

Muscle

A

Contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement.

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71
Q

Muscoskeletal system

A

System of the body including the muscles and skeleton.

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72
Q

Nasal bones

A

Bones that form the bridge of the nose.

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73
Q

Nasal cavity

A

Cavity in either side if the nasal septum.

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74
Q

Neural canal

A

Space through which the spinal cord passes.

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75
Q

Nucleus pulposus

A

Fibrous mass in the center portion of the intervertebral disk.

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76
Q

Occipital bone

A

Bone that forms the lower back portion of the skull.

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77
Q

Olecranon

A

Curved end of ulna to which tendons of the arm muscles attach; bony prominence of the elbow.

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78
Q

Origin

A

Point at which muscles attach to stationary bone.

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79
Q

Osseous tissue

A

Connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited.

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80
Q

Ossification

A

Hardening into bone.

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81
Q

Osteoblast

A

Cell that forms bone.

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82
Q

Osteoclast

A

Large cell that reabsorbs and removes Osseous tissue.

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83
Q

Osteocyte

A

Bone cell.

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84
Q

Palatine bone

A

Bone that helps the hard palate and nasal cavity; located behind the maxillary bones.

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85
Q

Parietal bone

A

Flat, curved bone on either side if the upper part of the skull.

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86
Q

Patella

A

Large, Sesamoid bone that forms the kneecap.

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87
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Cup-shaped cavity formed by the large bones of the pelvic girdle; contains female reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, bladder, and rectum.

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88
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Hip bones.

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89
Q

Pelvis

A

Cup-shaped ring of bone and ligaments at the base if the trunk.

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90
Q

Periosteum

A

Fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone.

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91
Q

Phalanges (phalanx)

A

Long bones of the fingers and toes.

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92
Q

Phosphorus

A

Mineral important to the formation of bone.

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93
Q

Process

A

Bony outgrowth or projection.

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94
Q

Pubes

A

Anteroinferior portion of the hip bone.

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95
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Joint between the two public bones.

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96
Q

Radius

A

Shorter bone if the foramen.

97
Q

Rib

A

One of twenty-four bones that form the chest wall.

98
Q

Sacrum

A

Next-to-last spinal vertebra made up of five fused bones; vertebra that forms part if the pelvis.

99
Q

Scapula

A

Large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade.

100
Q

Sella turcica

A

Bony depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.

101
Q

Sesamoid bone

A

Bone formed in a tendon over a joint.

102
Q

Shin

A

Anterior ridge of the tibia.

103
Q

Short bones

A

Square-shaped bones with approximately equal dimensions on all sides.

104
Q

Sinus

A

Hollow cavity, especially either of two cavities on the sides of the nose.

105
Q

Skeleton

A

Bony framework of the body.

106
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Fibrous muscle of internal organs that acts involuntary.

107
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Bone that forms the base if the skull.

108
Q

Sphenoid sinus

A

Sinus above and behind the nose.

109
Q

Spinal column

A

Column if vertebrae at the posterior of the body, from the neck to the coccyx.

110
Q

Spinous process

A

Protrusion form the center of the vertebral arch.

111
Q

Spongy bone

A

Bone with an open latticework filled with connective tissue or marrow.

112
Q

Sternum

A

Long, flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax.

113
Q

Striated muscle

A

Muscle with a ribbed appearance that is controlled at will.

114
Q

Styloid process

A

Peg-shaped protrusion from a bone.

115
Q

Sulcus

A

Groove or furrow in the surface of the bone.

116
Q

Suture

A

Joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane.

117
Q

Symphysis

A

Type of cartilaginous joint in uniting two bones.

118
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Fibrous joint with no movement.

119
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Fluid that serves to lubricated joints.

120
Q

Synovial joint

A

A joint that moves.

121
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Connective tissue lining the cavity of joints and producing the synovial fluid.

122
Q

Tarsus, tarsal bones

A

Seven bones in the instep (arch of the foot).

123
Q

Temporal bone

A

Large bone forming the base and sides of the skull.

124
Q

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A

Joint of the lower jaw between the temporal bone and mandible.

125
Q

Tendon

A

Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone or other structures.

126
Q

Thoracic vertebrae

A

Twelve vertebrae of the chest area.

127
Q

Thorax

A

Part if the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; chest.

128
Q

Tibia

A

Larger of the tow lower leg bones.

129
Q

Transverse process

A

Protrusion on either side if the vertebral arch.

130
Q

Trochanter

A

Bony protrusion at the upper end if the femur.

131
Q

True ribs

A

Seven upper ribs of the chest that attach to the sternum.

132
Q

Tubercle

A

Slight bony elevation to which a ligament or muscle mat be attached.

133
Q

Tuberosity

A

Large elevation in the surface of a bone.

134
Q

Ulna

A

Larger bone if the forearm.

135
Q

Vertebra

A

One if the bony segments if the spinal column.

136
Q

Vertebral body

A

Main portion of the vertebra, separate from the arches of the vertebra.

137
Q

Vertebral column

A

Spinal column.

138
Q

Visceral muscle

A

Smooth muscle.

139
Q

Vitamin D

A

Vitamin important to the formation of bone.

140
Q

Voluntary muscle

A

Striated muscle.

141
Q

Vomer

A

Flat bone forming the nasal septum.

142
Q

Zygomatic bone

A

Bone that forms the cheek.

143
Q

Acetabul(o)

A

Acetabulum

144
Q

Acromi(o)

A

End point of the scapula

145
Q

Ankyl(o)

A

Bent, crooked

146
Q

Arthr(o)

147
Q

Brachi(o)

148
Q

Burs(o)

149
Q

Calcane(o)

150
Q

Calci(o)

151
Q

Carp(o)

152
Q

Cephal(o)

153
Q

Cervic(o)

154
Q

Chondr(o)

155
Q

Condyl(o)

A

Knob, knuckle

156
Q

Cost(o)

157
Q

Crani(o)

158
Q

Dactyl(o)

A

Fingers, toes

159
Q

Fasci(o)

160
Q

Femor(o)

161
Q

Fibr(o)

162
Q

Humer(o)

163
Q

Ili(o)

164
Q

Ischi(o)

165
Q

Kyph(o)

A

Hump; bent

166
Q

Lamin(o)

167
Q

Leiomy(o)

A

Smooth muscle

168
Q

Lumb(o)

169
Q

Maxill(o)

170
Q

Metacarp(o)

A

Metacarpal

171
Q

My(o)

172
Q

Myel(o)

A

Spinal cord; bone marrow

173
Q

Oste(o)

174
Q

Patell(o)

175
Q

Ped(i), ped(o)

176
Q

Pelv(i)

177
Q

Phalang(o)

A

Finger or toe bone

178
Q

Pod(o)

179
Q

Pub(o)

180
Q

Rachi(o)

181
Q

Radi(o)

A

Forearm bone

182
Q

Rhabd(o)

A

Rod-shaped

183
Q

Rhabdomy(o)

A

Striated muscle

184
Q

Scalul(o)

185
Q

Scoli(o)

186
Q

Spondyle(o)

187
Q

Stern(o)

188
Q

Synov(o)

A

Synovial membrane

189
Q

Tars(o)

190
Q

Ten(o), tend(o), tendin(o)

191
Q

Thorac(o)

192
Q

Tibi(o)

193
Q

Uln(o)

194
Q

Vertebr(o)

195
Q

A-K

A

Above the knee (amputation)

196
Q

ASIS

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

197
Q

B

198
Q

B-K

A

Below the knee (amputation)

199
Q

C1, C2, etc.

A

First cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, etc.

200
Q

Ca

201
Q

CTS

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

202
Q

D1, D2, etc.

A

First dorsal vertebra, second dorsal vertebra, etc. (now referred to as first thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra, etc.)

203
Q

DJD

A

Degenerative joint disease

204
Q

DTR

A

Deep tendon reflex

205
Q

EMG

A

Electromyogram

206
Q

Fx

207
Q

IM

A

Intramuscularly

208
Q

L

209
Q

L1, L2, etc.

A

First lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, etc.

210
Q

MCP

A

Metacarpophalangeal

211
Q

NSAID

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

212
Q

OA

A

Osteoarthritis

213
Q

P

A

Phosphorus

214
Q

PIP

A

Proximal interphalangeal joints

215
Q

PSIS

A

Posterior superior iliac spine

216
Q

R

217
Q

RA

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

218
Q

ROM

A

Range of motion

219
Q

T1, T2, etc.

A

First thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra, etc.

220
Q

TMJ

A

Temporomandibular joint

221
Q

Arthrography

A

Radiography of a joint.

222
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Examination with an instrument that explores the interior of a joint.

223
Q

Bone scan

A

Radiographic or nuclear medicine image of a bone.

224
Q

Chiropractor

A

Health care professional who works to align the spinal column so as to treat certain ailments.

225
Q

Densitometer

A

Device that measures bine density using light and x-rays.

226
Q

Diskography

A

Radiographic image of an intervertebral disk by injection of a contrast medium into the center of the disk.

227
Q

Electromyogram

A

A graphic image of muscular action using electrical currents.

228
Q

Goniometer

A

Instrument that measures angles or range if motion in a joint.

229
Q

Myelography

A

Radiographic imaging of the spinal cord.

230
Q

Orthopedist, orthopedic surgeon

A

Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the musco skeletal system.

231
Q

Osteopath

A

Physician who combines manipulative treatment with conventional therapeutic measures.

232
Q

Podiatrist

A

Medical specialist who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the foot.

233
Q

Rheumatoid factor test

A

Test used to detect rheumatoid arthritis.

234
Q

Rheumatologist

A

Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders if the joints and musculoskeletal system.

235
Q

Serum calcium

A

Test for calcium in the blood.

236
Q

Serum creatine phosphokinase

A

Enzyme active in muscle contraction; usually phosphokinase is elevated after a myocardial infarction and in the presence of other degenerative muscle diseases.

237
Q

Serum phosphorus

A

Test for phosphorus in the blood.

238
Q

Tinel’s sign

A

“Pins and needles” sensation felt when an injured nerve site is tapped.

239
Q

Uric acid test

A

Test for acid content in urine; elevated levels may indicate gout.

HOE Final (12 decks)

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