Med Surge Exam 2 Flashcards
Where are most body fluids found? Intracellular Interstitial Intravascular Transcellular
Correct Answer: 1
A patient with skin tenting and decreased urine output is most likely experiencing which fluid or electrolyte disorder? Hypernatremia Hypocalcemia Fluid excess Dehydration
Correct Answer: 4
Which electrolyte is most critical to healthy cardiac rhythm? Calcium Sodium Potassium Magnesium
Correct Answer: 3
Which interventions are appropriate to a patient with fluid excess? Select all that apply. Monitor weight. Place in Fowler position. Administer I V fluids. Encourage ambulation. Restrict fluid and sodium.
Correct Answer: 1, 2, 5
What are good food sources of calcium? Select all that apply. Canned tuna Canned salmon Spinach Yogurt Whole grains
Correct Answer: 2, 3, 4
Which patient assessment findings indicate fluid excess? Select all that apply. Warmth at I V site Bounding pulse Profuse sweating Crackles in lungs Elevated temperature
Correct Answer: 2, 4
What is the best intervention to correct a clotted I V cannula? Flush the cannula with heparin. Flush the cannula with saline. “Milk” the I V tubing. Remove and replace the cannula.
Correct Answer: 4
Which I V fluid is hypertonic? 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride Normal saline 0.33% sodium chloride Lactated Ringer’s solution
Correct Answer: 1
Which I V medication can cause a life-threatening arrhythmia? Saline Magnesium Furosemide Potassium
Correct Answer: 4
Which of these is a purpose of surgery? Select all that apply. Preventive Diagnostic Exploratory Emergency Curative Palliative
Correct Answer: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Which of these describes the postoperative phase of surgery?
Decision for surgery until transfer to surgery
Transfer to surgery until transfer to P A C U
P A C U through recovery
Provision of home health care
Correct Answer: 3
Which of these criteria apply to informed consent? Select all that apply.
Gives legal permission for surgery
Informed consent physician’s responsibility
Not sedated when signing
Voluntary
Cannot be withdrawn
Valid for 3 months
Correct Answer: 1, 2, 3, 4
Which of these activities can help prevent postoperative respiratory complications? Select all that apply. Deep breathing and coughing Incentive spirometry Early ambulation Leg exercises Hand squeezes
Correct Answer: 1, 2, 3, 4
Which of these must be included in the discharge teaching process? Select all that apply.
Complications to report to health care provider
C P R training for family
Instructions provided in writing
Instructions signed by patient/family
Medications explained
Correct Answer: 1, 3, 4, 5
gerontological issues
dehydration
as people age there total body water decreases.
assess for Confusion.
signs of dehydration
cloudy urine
dry mucous membranes
skin tenting
change in mental status is a sign
of a serous underlying condition
common sources of sodium
cheese burger, pork, turkey breast, canned pasta,
common sources of pottasium
potato, white beans, sweet potato, salmon, plain yogurt, tomato juice, orange juice, and bananna
sodium levels
135 to 145 mEq/L
potassium levels
3.5 to 5 mEq/L
magnesium levels
1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L
calcium levels
8.5 to 10.5
a pt will experience with metabolic acidosis
decreased BP,
hyperkalemia,
and flushed skin
