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PUP > Med List 4 - Diabetes and Gastrointestinal > Flashcards

Med List 4 - Diabetes and Gastrointestinal Flashcards

1
Q

Insulin Lispro (rapid acting)

A

Individualized dosing; Inject 15 min before or immediately after meals
Type I Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes

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2
Q

Insulin Lispro (rapid acting) brand

A

Humalog

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3
Q

Insulin Glargine (long acting):

A

Individualized dosing - once daily
Type I diabetes
Type 2 daibetes

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4
Q

Insulin Glargine brand

A

Lantus

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5
Q

Insulin counseling

A

Low blood sugar (sweating, nausea, dizziness)
Refrigerate unopened vials
Discard after 28 days if at room temp prior to injection to avoid painful injection
Rotate injection sites

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6
Q

Metformin

A

BID, TID
MAX: 2550 mg/day
Tx: Type 2 Diabetes
PCOS
Weight loss

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7
Q

Metformin brand name:

A

Glucophage

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8
Q

Metformin counseling:

A

Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
Take w/food
Titrate dose up weekly (to reduce stomach upset, diarrhea)
Long-term use can cause Vitamin B-12 deficiency

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9
Q

Dapagliflozin

A

Once daily
Tx: Type 2 diabetes
Chronic kidney disease
Heart failure w/reduced ejection fraction

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10
Q

Dapagliflozin brand name

A

Farxiga

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11
Q

Dapagliflozin counseling

A

UTI
Increased urine output
Decreased BP

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12
Q

Semaglutide

A

Oral: once daily
SubQ: Once weekly
Type 2 diabetes
Weight management

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13
Q

Semaglutide brand names

A

Rybelsus (oral)
Ozempic (subcutaneous)
Wegovy (subcutaneous)

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14
Q

Semaglutide counseling

A

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Headache
Low blood sugar
Rotate weekly injection sites

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15
Q

Gabapentin

A

BID, TID
Tx: Neuropathic pain
Seizures, anxiety

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16
Q

Gabapentin name

A

Neurontin

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17
Q

Gabapentin counseling

A

Drowsiness/Dizziness
Uncoordinated muscle movements

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18
Q

Promethazine: Antiemetic

A

q 4-6h prn
TX: Prevents and treats nausea/vomiting
Motion sickness
Allergies

19
Q

Promethazine brand name

A

Phenergan

20
Q

Promethazine counseling

A

Drowsiness/dizziness
Avoid alcohol
Sun sensitivity

21
Q

Ondansetron: Antiemetic

A

q8h prn
Tx: prevent nausea, vomiting
Non-FDA approved for treatment of vomiting

22
Q

Ondansetron brand names

A

Zofran
Zofran ODT

23
Q

Ondansetron counseling

A

Fatigue
Headache
Constipation/diarrhea

24
Q

Omeprazole: Acid reflux (OTC)

A

Once daily
Tx: Acid reflux, indigestion
Prevention and treatment of ulcers

25
Q

Omeprazole brand name

A

Prilosec

26
Q

Omeprazole counseling

A

Works in 1 day, up to 4 days for full effect
Food delays absorption so take >1 hr before food
Separate from antacids by 2 hours

27
Q

Famotidine (OTC): Acid reflux

A

BID
TX: Acid reflux/indigestion
Prevention and tx of ulcers

28
Q

Famotidine (OTC): Brand

A

Pepcid AC

29
Q

Famotidine counseling

A

Works in 1 hour, up to 1 day for full effect
Can be taken with antacids

30
Q

Calcium Carbonate (OTC): Acid reflux

A

Chew 2-4 tabs prn
MAX: 7,500mg/day if used for indigestion
MAX: 2,500 mg/day as supplement
Tx: Calcium supplement
Acute acid reflux/indigestion

31
Q

Calcium Carbonate OTC name

A

Tums

32
Q

Calcium Carbonate Counseling

A

Constipation
Chew before swallowing
Do not use > 2 weeks for indigestion

33
Q

Docusate Sodium (OTC): Constipation/Laxatives

A

Daily
Tx: Stool softener to relieve constipation

34
Q

Docusate sodium (OTC) name

A

Colace

35
Q

Docusate sodium counseling:

A

Works in 1-3 days
Take with water
Diarrhea, cramps

36
Q

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) (OTC/Rx): laxatives

A

MiraLAX: 17g (1 capful) dissolved in 8oz. of liquid po 1d prn
GoLYTELY (colonoscopy prep): Mix w/water to make 1 gallon, drink 8oz every 10 minutes
Tx: Osmotic laxative to relieve constipation
Bowel cleansing for colonoscopy prep

37
Q

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) (OTC/Rx): Brand names

A

MiraLAX (OTC)
GoLYTELY (Rx)

38
Q

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) (OTC/Rx): Counseling

A

Laxative works in 1-3 days
Do NOT take laxative longer than 1 week w/o MD approval
Colon prep works in 1 hr
Diarrhea, cramps, bloating

39
Q

Bisacodyl: OTC

A

Laxative: 5-15 mg PO daily, 10 mg rectally daily
Colonoscopy prep: 30-30mg dose
MAX: 30mg/day
Tx: Stimulant laxative to relieve constipation
Bowel evacuant for colonoscopy prep

40
Q

Bisacodyl: OTC Brand name:

A

Dulcolax

41
Q

Bisacodyl: OTC counesling:

A

Oral dose works in 8 hrs
Suppository works within 15-60 minutes
Do not take longer than 1 week w/o MD approval
Diarrhea, cramps

42
Q

Loperamide (OTC): Anti-Diarrheal

A

2 tabs PO after first loose stool, then 1 tab after each subsequent loose stool
MAX: 8mg/day (OTC), 16mg/day (Rx)
Tx: Slows peristalsis to treat diarrhea

43
Q

Loperamide: Brand name

A

Imodium

44
Q

Loperamide counseling:

A

Drowsiness
If diarrhea not improved in 2 days, call MD due to dehydration risk

PUP (8 decks)

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