Med List 1 - Antibiotics and BC Flashcards
Doxycycline Monohydrate/Hyclate
-Antibiotic
-Frequency: q12h
-indications/use: Treatment (Tx): Respiratory Tract infections (RTI)
Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)
Acne and skin infections
STIs
Doxycycline Monohydrate/Hyclate Counseling
-Sun sensitivity: use sunscreen, avoid tanning beds
-Take with food to prevent stomach upset
-Do not take food, vitamins, or medications containing: Al++, Ca++, Fe++, Mg++ or Zn++ within two hours before or after
-May decrease effect of BC; take additional BC during and 1 week after last dose
Amoxicillin
-Antibiotic
-Common Frequency:
q8h; q12h
-Tx of:
RTI, UTI, STI, ENT (Ear nose throat) Skin infections
Amoxicillin Counseling
-May decrease affect of BC, use additional form of BC during and 1 week after last dose
-Contraindicated if penicillin allergy
Cephalexin
-Antibiotic
-Common Frequencies:
q6h; q8h; q12h
-TX of:
RTI, UTI, ENT, skin and bone infections
Cephalexin Counseling
-Do not take vitamins or medication containing ZN++ for at least 3hrs after Cephalexin
-Contraindicated if cephalosporin allergy
-Caution if penicillin allergy
Azithromycin
-Antibiotic
-Common Frequency:
Z-Pak: Two 250mg tablets PO (500mg) on day 1, then one tablet days 2-5; q24h
-Tx of:
RTI, STI, ENT, skin and eye infections
Azithromycin Counseling
-Do not take with an AI++ or MG++ containing antacid
-Take with food to prevent upset stomach
-Qtc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction with many diff medications
Contraindicated if macrolide allergy
Ciprofloaxcin
-Antibiotic
-Common Frequency: Q12h
-Tx of:
STI, prostatitis
Skin, bone infections
Pneumonia
Complicated UTI, RTI, abdominal infections
Ciprofloxacin Counseling
-QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction with many different meds
-Do not take food or meds containing Ca++. Fe++, within 2hrs before or 2hrs after
-Sun sensitivity
-May increase caffeine sensitivity
-Contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)
-Antibiotic
-Common Frequency:
Q12h
Tx of:
RTI, UTI, HIV associated infections
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) counseling
-Sun sensitivity
-Take with at least 80z of water
-Contraindicated if sulfa allergy
Nitrofurantoin
-Antibiotic
-Common Frequency:
q12h
-Tx of: UTI
Nitrofurantoin counseling
-Orange or brown urine expected
-Do not take food or meds containing Mg++ within 2hrs before or after
-Take with food/milk to increase absorption
Metronidazole
-Antibiotic
-Common Frequencies:
q6h, q8h, q12h
-Tx of:
Abscess, infections of GI
-STI, vaginosis
Metronidazole Counseling
-Contraindicated: Alcohol use during therapy and for 3 days following last dose
-Metallic taste in mouth
-Headache common adverse effect
Tri-phasics: ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate
-Contraceptive
-Common Frequencies:
-One fire phase tablet daily for week, then one second phase tablet daily for week, then one third phase tablet daily for week, then one inactive tablet for week
-Indications/Use:
Oral contraception
Acne
Claim to fame: mimic natural menstrual cycle
Doxycycline monohydrate brand name
Vibramycin
Adoxa
Monodox
Amoxicillin brand name
Amoxil
Cephalexin brand name
Keflex
Azithromycin brand name
Zithromax
Z-Pak
Tri-pak
Ciprofloxacin brand name
Cipro
Ciloxan
SMZ-TMP brand name
Bactrim DS
Nitrofurantoin brand name
Macrobid
Macrodantin
Metronidazole brand name
Flagyl
Tri phasics brand name
Ortho Tri-Cyclen
Tri-Sprintec
-Tri ViLibra
Iron Containing: Ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone/ferrous fumarate
-Contraceptive
-Common Frequency:
Take one active tablet daily for 21 days, the one iron tablet daily for 7 days
-Indications/Uses:
OC
Acne
Claim to fame: replaces iron lost during menses
Iron Containing: Ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone/ferrous fumarate brand names:
Loestrin Fe
Junel Fe
Microgestin Fe
Side Effects for ALL Estrogen/Progestin medications:
-Water retention (bloating, weight gain, breast tenderness)
-Upset Stomach/Nausea
-Headache
NON FDA Approved uses of OC
-Regulation of Menstrual Cycle
-Lessen menstrual flow
-Reduce painful menses
Miss dose of OC
-Take as soon as possible or within next day’s dose (e.g. miss Monday, two on Tues)
-Miss two or more days refer to package directions
Products containing ethinyl estradiol
Increased cardiovascular risk (DVT, PE, MI). Not recommended for thos +35 years old, smoker, or history of stroke or blood clots
Tips for OC
-If OC not started day 1 of menses, use additional non-drug form of contraception first week of therapy
-Take same time each day for max effect
-some anti-convulsant (ex: divalproex lamotrigine] may decrease effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives and or increase chance of seizures
Ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone
-OC
-Common frequency: one active tablet daily for 24 days, then one inactive tablet daily for 4 days
-Indications/uses:
OC, Acne, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, Claim to fame: Only 4 inactive days= shorter menstrual periods
Ethinyl Estradiol/drospirenone counseling
None of the medications on this list protect from STDs HIV
Drospirenone lessens the water retention/weight gain side effects of estrogen
Ethinyl Estradiol/drospirenone brand names
Yaz
Loryna
Jasmiel
Ethinyl Estradiol/Norelgestromin
-Contraception
-Common Frequency:
Apply one new patch each week for 3 weeks then week 4 is patch free
-Indications/use:
Contraception
Brand name:
-Xulane
Ethinyl estradiol/norelgestromin counseling
-Same side effect profile as OC, but more common
-Adhesive may cause skin rash/rotate sites
-Do not cut patch
-Apply to butt, upper torso, stomach, or upper arm
Ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel
-Contraceptive
-Common Frequency:
Insert one ring into vagina on or before day 5 of cycle and leave in for 3 weeks, then remove on week 4 and discard
-Brand Name:
NuvaRing
Ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel counseling
-If ring falls out, rinse with cool water, re-insert within 3 hrs
-Don’t remove for intercourse
-Ring is drug delivery device; not barrier
Medroxyprogesterone
-Contraception
-Common Frequency:
150mg deep intramuscular injection in gluteal or deltoid muscle every 3 months
-Indications/Use:
Contraception, Endometriosis pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, amenorrhea
-Claim to fame: No estrogen
-Brand name:
Depo-Provera
Medroxyprogesterone counseling
-Nervousness
-Administration by healthcare professional
-Dont use >2 years due to potential bone loss
-Spotting or absent menses may result
Levonorgestrel (OTC)
-Contraception
-Common Frequency: Take 1 tablet PO as soon as possible within 72 hrs of unprotected sex
-Indication/Use:
Emergency post-coital contraception
-Brand name:
Plan B One-Step
-EContra One-Step
Levonorgestrel (OTC) counseling
-Fatigue
-No evidence of interaction with antibiotics
-will not terminate an existing pregnancy
-Spotting or changes in menses may result
