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Anatomy Book 2 > Mechanisms of health and disease > Flashcards

Mechanisms of health and disease Flashcards

1
Q

The common relationship between yin yang, the five element theory, and Ayurvedic dosha is what?

Neuroplasticity
Somatic
Homeostasis
Etiology

A

Homeostasis 

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2
Q

Any stimulus that disrupts internal homeostasis is

Consciousness
Negative feedback
Stress
Pathology

A

Stress

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3
Q

A sensor mechanism, integration/control center, and effector mechanism are part of a

Stress response
Post-isometric relaxation
Stimulus response
Feedback loop

A

Feedback loop

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4
Q

Feedback that reverses the original stimulus, stabilizing physiological function, is

Positive feedback
Negative feedback
Stimulus response feedback
Regulatory response

A

 Negative feedback

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5
Q

Biological rhythms are related to

Circadian patterns
Pathogenesis rhythm
Negative feedback
Positive feedback

A

Negative feedback

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6
Q

Evidence of a healthy state includes

Adaptive capacity to stress
Strain in response to stress
Susceptibility to bacterial infection
Stress exceeding adaptive capacity

A

Adaptive capacity to stress

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7
Q

A massage professional needs an understanding of disease processes. This study of disease processes is called.

Pathogenesis
Pathology
Epidemiology
Pharmacology

A

Pathology

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8
Q

A group of signs and symptoms that identify a pathological condition linked to a common cause is called a

Disease
Diagnosis
Etiology
Syndrome

A

Syndrome

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9
Q

Disease with a vague onset that develop slowly and remains active for a long time is considered

Acute
Communicable
Chronic
Idiopathic

A

Chronic

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10
Q

Susceptibility to the disruption of homeostasis that is extensive enough to cause disease could be due to which of these factors

Hyperplasia
Malnutrition
Antineoplastics
Pathogenesis

A

Malnutrition

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11
Q

Pathogenic organisms are considered to be

Parasites
Chemical agents
Allergens
Neoplasms

A

Parasites

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12
Q

A neoplasm resulting from hyperplasia that is contained and encapsulated is considered

Acute
Chronic
Benign
Malignant

A

Benign

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13
Q

Cancer cells’ reproduction of undifferentiated cells without boundary recognition is called

Replacement
Carcinogenesis
Metastasis
Anaplasia

A

Anaplasia

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14
Q

Heat, redness, swelling, and pain are signs of

Cancer
Degeneration
Counterirritation
Inflammation

A

Inflammation

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15
Q

Inflammatory exudate that accumulates during an inflammatory process does what?

Reduces swelling
Dilutes irritants
Inhibits tissue repair
Causes the release of mediators of inflammation

A

Dilutes irritants

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16
Q

An inflammatory mediator that dilates blood vessels is

Histamine
Prostaglandins
Inflammatory exudates
Neutrophils

A

Histamine

17
Q

The purpose of an increase in tissue fluid volume during inflammation is

  • To allow parenchymal cells to regenerate the area of injury
  • To allow immune cells to travel quickly to destroy pathogens
  • To support the activity of labile cells during tissue repair
  • To increase the activity of histamine and kinins during tissue repair
A

To allow immune cells to travel quickly to destroy pathogens 

18
Q

Tissue repair for regeneration of functional cells is accomplished by

Stromal cells
Labile cells
Parenchymal cells
Fibrin cells

A

Parenchymal cells

19
Q

Tissue repair that results in a scar is called

Stroma
Replacement
Regeneration
Idiopathic

A

Stromal cells

20
Q

A major component of scar tissue is

Epidermis
Epithelium
Fibroblasts
Collagen

A

Collagen 

21
Q

Genetics, age, lifestyles, stress, environment, and pre-existing conditions are what?

-Determinants of immune hypersensitivity
-Predisposing risk factors for the development of disease
-Potential distribution routes for pathogens
-Warning signs of cancer

A

Predisposing risk factors for the development of disease 

22
Q

The number one complaint people make to their healthcare professional is

Decreased circulation
Joint Stiffness
Breathing difficulties
Pain

A

Pain

23
Q

Potential tissue damage is signaled by

Pain
Inflammation
Steroids
Moxibustion

A

Pain

24
Q

The sensory mechanisms for tissue damage are called

Intractable
Hyperalgesia
Nociceptors
Bradykinin

A

 Nociceptors

25
Q

Pain that is poorly localized, nauseating, and associated with sweating, and blood pressure changes is

Superficial somatic pain
Burning pain
Aching pain
Deep pain

A

Deep pain

26
Q

Pain that may be a symptom of an organ disorder is

Superficial somatic pain
Burning pain
Aching pain
Deep pain

A

Aching pain

27
Q

Pain that arises from the stimulation of receptors in the skin, or from the stimulation of receptors in skeletal muscles, joints, tendons, and fascia is called

Visceral pain
Phantom pain
Somatic pain
Referred pain

A

Somatic

28
Q

A massage application that creates a superficial somatic sensation that blocks a transmission of deep somatic or visceral pain is called

Counterirritation
Pain-spasm-pain cycle
Reflex contraction
Cutaneous stimulation

A

Counterirritation

29
Q

When pain is felt in a surface area away from the stimulated receptors, particularly in organs, it is called

Visceral pain
Phantom pain
Somatic pain
Referred pain

A

Referred pain 

30
Q

Aspirin is used in pain management, because its effects include

Increased inflammation
Inhibition of enkephalins
Inhibition of prostaglandins
Stimulation of A-delta nerve fibers

A
31
Q

According to Hans Selye, the response of the body to stress is called the

Fight or flight response
Resistance reaction
Exhaustion phase
General adaptation syndrome

A

General adaptation syndrome

32
Q

A common breathing disturbance in excessive or long-term stress is

Breathing pattern disorder
Immune suppression
Gastritis
Tetany

A

Breathing pattern disorder

33
Q

At which stage of life, are we best able to maintain effective homeostasis?

Birth-3 years
4-12 years
Adolescence to midlife
65 years and older

A

Adolescence to midlife

34
Q

How long should you wait to work on an area of tissue repair?

A

30 to 45 days 

Anatomy Book 2 (10 decks)

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