Mechanisms

Question 1

Why does sleep paralysis occur?

Answer 1

all nerve connections to your skeletal body muscles are inhibited, causing paralysis

Question 2

3 neurotransmitters of sleep:

Answer 2

acetylcholine (ACh)
noradrenaline (NA)
Serotonin (5-HT)

Question 3

NA during NREM (SWS)

Answer 3

+

Question 4

NA during REM

Answer 4

-

Question 5

5-HT during NREM (SWS)

Answer 5

+

Question 6

5-HT during REM

Answer 6

-

Question 7

ACh during NREM

Answer 7

-

Question 8

ACh during REM

Answer 8

+++

Question 9

ACh levels _______ sharply in NREM and _______ sharply in REM

Answer 9

drop; rise

Question 10

NA and 5-HT levels _______ sharply during REM

Answer 10

drop

Question 11

Information gate or awareness switch

Answer 11

thalamus

Question 12

activating center or power station

Answer 12

brain stem

Question 13

Awake flow chart

Answer 13

Brain stem active, thalamus receive information, cortex receive information

Question 14

NREM flow chart

Answer 14

Brain stem off, no information enters brain, no information to cortex

Question 15

REM flow chart

Answer 15

Brain stem party on (ACh), internal stimulation of thalamus, memories/emotions/motivations activated in cortex –> dreams

Question 16

Areas activated during REM sleep

Answer 16

hippocampus, motor cortex, cingulate cortex, amygdala, occipital cortex

Question 17

Areas deactivated during REM sleep

Answer 17

lateral prefrontal cortex (logical reasoning)