Mechanical Skin Lesions Flashcards
what is a tyloma? heloma?
tyloma = callus heloma= corn
calluses can be sub-classified as what?
diffuse shearing
discrete-nucleated callus
what type of callus is found in WB surface of theh sole?
diffuse shearing callus
describe a diffuse shearing callus.
painful if they dry and fissure
-even thickness, undefined margins
describe discrete nucleated calluses.
usually isolated, painful
central conical core of keratin at greatest pressure
are calluses more sensitive to direct pressure? or side to side compression?
pain with directed pressure
warts are sensitive to side-to-side compression
how do you treat discrete nucleated callus?
- control abnormal pressures
- cushioned inserts & orthotics
- debridement
- surgical correction of underlying bone pathology
- surgical excision
how do corns differ from calluses?
corns are nucleated and calluses are flat
corns appear on the digits while calluses occur on plantar foot
which type of callus is associated with a sweat duct?
porokeratosis plantaris discreta
does porokeratosis have vascular involvement ? a core? is it superficial or deep?
avascular
has a nuclear core
is deep!
superficial shearing callus is superficial or deep?
superficial
shallow nucleus or no nucleus
how does superficial fibrous shearing callus compare to superficial shearing callus?
has a clear keratin nucleus that is deep with white fibrous base that blends into surrounding callus
what is a pinch callus?
associated with a bunion deformity bc of unstable hallux
what will cause skin lesions plantar to 1st met head?
- plantarflexed 1st ray
- enlarged or multiple sesamoids
what will cause skin lesions plantar to 2nd and 3rd met head?
hypermobile first ray
HAV deformity
plantarflexed mets
what will cause skin lesions to plantar to 4th met?
hypermobile 5th ray
plantarflexed 4th rays
what will cause skin lesions to plantar 4th and 5th met heads?
supinated foot type
cavus (rigid) foot type
what will cause skin lesions to hallux at IPJ?
hallux limitus
IPJ sesamoid
what is heloma durum?
hard corn
what is heloma molle
soft corn
what is heloma millare?
seed corn
which type of lesion appears dry or waxy?
heloma durum
*on dorsal foot
what is the most typical location for heloma molle to occur?
interdigital- esp 4th webspace
what is heloma millare due to?
- irritation from footwear
- anhidrosis
- excessive dryness
- invagination of skin with hyperkeratotic plugs
what is clinical appearance for neurovascular corn?
medial hallux, 1st MTPJ, medial heel, or 5th MTPJ
