Benign Neoplasms Flashcards
A patient presents with a barnacle appearance- round, flat coin-like waxy plaques, some are pigmented. Under a microscope, this appears to be a well-circumscribed epidermal tumor that has proliferating squamous cells and are very orderly. What do you diagnose them with?
seborrheic keratoses
What is the Leser-Trelat sign and which disease is it seen with?
sudden onset of numerous Seborrheic keratoses that may indicate an underlying visceral malignancy
A histology sample appears as “monotonous squamous tumor with horn cysts and hyperkeratosis”. What is the diagnosis?
pigmented seborrheic keratosis
*lots of pigmentation= horn cyst
a patient presents with a polyp around the neck. she relates wearing a chunky necklace all the time there that rubs her skin. what is this poly?
fibroepithelial polyp-acrochordon
this epithelial cyst has a “central punctum” filled with keratin and emits a cheesy secretion when excised. what is this?
epidermoid cyst
this cyst is found typically on the scalp and is derived from a deeper part of the hair follicle. what is it?
trichilemmal cyst
vs. epidermoid cyst which is derived from follicular infindubulum
a child presents with a single subcutaneous nodule at birth on lateral aspect of upper eyelid. what is this?
dermoid cyst
this results from an autosomal dominant mutation in Keratin 17 and you see sebaceous glands and a “keratin cuticle” under the microscope. what is it?
steatocystoma
which tumor of the hair follicle is associated with Cowden’s disease? Under a microscope, it has a cleared cytoplasm and no horn cysts as see in SK.
trichilemmoma
which tumor of the hair follicle presents as a solitary firm nodule on the cheek most commonly?
pilomatrixoma
Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome is seen in which tumors of the hair follicle?
fibrofolliculomas
trichodiscomas
acrochordons
what is Muir-Torre syndrome?
inherited defect in a DNA mismatch repair gene (MMR)
-related to HNPCC + skin tumors
what tumors of sebaceous glands are seen with Muir-Torre syndrome?
- sebaceous adenoma
- sebaceoma
this is not a tumor but rather a benign aggregate of histiocytes with cytoplasmic lipid. which clinical type is the only one with normal serum lipid levels?
disseminated xanthomas
“touton” giant cells which are surrounded by a ring of lipid are seen in which disease?
juvenile xanthogranuloma
“ground glass histiocytes” are seen in what disease?
reticulohistiocytoma
*compared to JXG which does have lipids
which is the most aggressive form of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis?
Acute Generalized LCH (Letterer-Siwe disease)
a 5y/o patient presents with a triad of lytic skull lesions, diabetes insipidus, and proptosis. what is this?
multifocal chronic LCH (Hand-schuller-christian disease)
which is the most benign form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis?
eosinophilic granuloma
on a slide, it appears to be CD1a+ and birbeck granules are seen. what is this?
langerhans cells histiocytosis
CD1a is specific for langerhans cells
on a slide, it appears to be CD1a+ and birbeck granules are seen. what is this?
langerhans cells histiocytosis
CD1a is specific for langerhans cells
this neoplasm appears as firm, tan to brown papules. Under the scope, you see “collagen trapping.” what is this?
dermatofibroma
under the scope you see a well-circumscribed proliferation of glands and blood vessels. what is this?
hemangioma
a patient presents with a painful fleshy nodule at the site of a first hallux amputation. what do you think she has?
traumatic neuroma
*all nerve components are involved: schwann cells, nerve fibers, perineural cells, fibroblasts
a high powered businesswoman relates wearing heels to work everyday presents with pain in the region of metatarsal heads that is exacerbated by walking. you cannot palpate any lesion but you suspect what?
Morton’s neuroma
a patient who has mucosal neuroma should be evaluated for what other disorder?
multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MEN 2B)
this solitary painless nodule that invovles a nerve commonly affects the face of middle-aged elderly.
palisaded encapsulated neuroma
this encapsulated lesion has no association with neurofibromatosis and is painless and appears as a solitary subcutaneous mass. what is it? it has prominent blood vessels
schwannoma (aka neurilemmoma)
What is Antoni A? Antoni B?
Antoni A- cellular with nuclear palisading Verocay bodies
Antoni B- hypocellular
how do you tell the difference between a neurofibroma and a schwannoma?
neurofibroma- unencapsulated
schwannoma- encapsulated
what is this: nodular poliferation of mononuclear cells in a fibrous background with giant cells everywhere?
giant cell tumor of tendon sheath
