Mechanical properties of solids & fluids Flashcards

1
Q

Elongation due to self weight

A

ΔL = MgL/2AY

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2
Q

For a suspended body, tension is max at

A

top

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3
Q

Modulus of rigidity/shear mod

A

G = Fl/Ax

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4
Q

For most metals G =

A

Y/3

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5
Q

Bulk modulus

A

B = -dPV/dV

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6
Q

Compressibility C =

A

1/B

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7
Q

Poisson’s ratio σ =

A

(-ΔD/D)/(ΔL/L)

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8
Q

if σ = 0.5, ΔV =

A

0

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9
Q

Comparison b/w a spring and an elastic rod

A

x = FL/AY

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10
Q

Elastic PE

A

U = 1/2YA/L ΔL^2

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11
Q

Elastic energy density

A

u = 1/2 x stress x strain

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12
Q

Breaking stress σb =

A

F(b)/A

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13
Q

Breaking stress depends only on

A

material

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14
Q

Sag in a doubly supported beam δ =

A

WL^3/4bd^3Y

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15
Q

When liq is acc, ΔP

A

ρ(g+a)h

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16
Q

When liq is decc, ΔP =

A

ρ(g-a)h

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17
Q

When liq is in free fall ΔP =

A

0

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18
Q

For hydraulic lift F2 =

A

F2 = A2F1/A1

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19
Q

Buoyancy/Buoyant force/Upthrust F =

A

(P2-P1)A

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20
Q

Archimedes principle

A

Buoyant force = weight of liq displaced by obj
B = ρ(fluid)V(immersed)g

21
Q

Under completre immersion, Loss of weight exp by obj B =

A

ρ(L) mg/ρ(o)

22
Q

App. weight Wa =

23
Q

If ρ > σ, obj

24
Q

Flotation

A

When an obj floats, it exp a buoyant force which is equla to obj weight
ρ<σ

25
V(immersed)/V =
ρ(obj)/σ(fluid)
26
ρ of ice
0.9 g/cm^3
27
ρ of water =
1g/cm^3
28
In streamline flow,what doesn't change with time?
vel
29
Discharge/flow rate
Vol flowing through a cross section per unit time Q = dV/dt
30
Eqn of continuity
Vol discharge entering = vol. discharge leaving
31
For branched tube, discharge Q =
Q1 + Q2
32
Bernoulli's theorem
For a confined incompressible liq, sum of press energy/Vol, PE & KE per unit vol is const P + 1/2ρV^2 + ρgh = const
33
Bernoulli's therom is based on conservation of
energy
34
In horizontal tube
P1 + 1/2ρV1^2 = P2 + 1/2ρV2^2
35
Velocity of efflux Vo =
√2gh
36
range of efflux R =
2√h(H-h)
37
For efflux, R is max when
h = H/2
38
Closed tank Vo =
√2(P-Po)/ρ +2gh
39
For venturimeter, V1 =
√2gh/[(A1^2/A2^2) - 1]
40
Viscosity cause due to
intermolecular attract of liq & collision in gas molecules
41
For liq, viscosity increases when temp
decrease
42
Stoke's law
Fv = 6πηrV
43
Terminal vel V(T) =
2/9(ρ-σ)/η gr^2
44
Excess press
Pconvex < Pconcave
45
For spherical surface,
Pconc - Pconv = 2T/R
46
For drop, ΔP =
2T/R
47
For bubble, ΔP =
4T/R
48
Capillary rise h =
2Tcosθ/rρg